travel allowances‚ academic help‚ coach pay‚ and scholarships. The final compliance factors deal with equal access to training and medical facilities and services‚ similar quality and access of facilities‚ housing and dining equity‚ publicity‚ and equitable recruiting budgets. The final case review of Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools 503 U.S. 60 (1992) reviews a
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Land Law Leases 1. Introduction Leases in general may be the most valuable category of interest in land other than freehold estate. A lease may also constitute a legal estate. In some cases‚ such as flats‚ it may even replace freehold as the operational form of “ownership”. On the other hand‚ a lease is also a contract between two parties. It serves important social functions‚ sometimes much more than land ownership‚ and therefore has been receiving unyielding attention from the legislature
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Sole Proprietor (Pg 50 3-120) Individual Person Partnership (Pg 50 3-130) • Association of people (2 or more‚ not more than 20‚ except law & accounting firms) (CA 2001 Section 115‚ Pg 668) • Carrying on a business with a common view to profit Other Forms of Business (Pg 52‚ 3-140 3-160) Joint Ventures • Contractual agreement to conduct a particular venture or related ventures • Not a separate legal entity • Assets & obligations of the venture are the venturers personally • Parties not conducting
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Jennings v Rice 12. Lloyds Bank v Carrick 13. Birmingham Midshires Mortgage Services Ltd v Sabherwal 14. City of London Building Society V Flegg Statutes : 1. LRA 1925 S. 70(1)(g) ‘’Critically assess the contribution that the equitable doctrine of proprietary estoppels makes to modern land law.’’ During the Norman conquest in 1066‚ William the Conqueror instead of rewarding his followers with money and titles‚ he in-turn awarded them titles to lands and‚ in turn depleting the
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The enactment of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments‚ marked a significant change towards socialism in the United States. The Voting Rights Act aimed to eliminate racial discrimination against minority groups such as African Americans‚ Native Americans‚ Asian Americans‚ and Latin Americans‚ who faced criticism from systemic barriers within political participation and voting rights. It focused on the extension of minority rights and giving them access
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misconduct are the major controller of the company and improbable to permit the company to sue. A common law right is therefore reserved for shareholders to sue the wrongdoers on behalf of the company by taking derivative action. This provides a valuable remedy for minority shareholders to protect the company. Minorities can take either Common Law Derivative Action (CLDA) or Statutory Derivative Action (SDA). In this essay‚ the protection of company under fraud on minority will be firstly examined. Then
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Contracts IS THERE A VALID CONTRACT 1) Was a Contract Formed? 2) Is the Contract Validly Enforceable? 1. Offer 2. Acceptance 3. Consideration 4. In Writing Contract is Void Contract is Voidable Making an Offer Methods of Acceptance Rule: Must have bargained for exchange. may be an exchange of promises. Illusory: only one party is bound to perform. Past Consideration: not consideration‚ But may= implied in fact K. EXCEPTION: Promissory Estoppel (reasonably relied to
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over a thing‚ but whether it is also a real right concerns an old age debate which still remains clouded in confusion. Nevertheless‚ this essay focuses on the protection of quasi-possession by the mandament van spolie‚ which is the only possessory remedy in the true sense of the word in South African law. In Roman law‚ the possession of incorporeals was protected by possessory interdicts and precisely the possession of the right of a usufructuary was known as quasi-possession. In Roman Dutch law
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Companies Act 1963‚ namely that the company is “unable to pay its debts”. The mere existence of a debt however is no guarantee that the court will make a winding – up order. Another interesting ground is where the court considers it "just and equitable to do so" under s213(f). These two areas will be the main areas of focus considered. S213(e) - Inability to pay debts The grounds upon which a creditor can petition for winding-up of a company are set out in S.213 c – f. However for a creditor
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conduct of criminals and civil proceedings * Civil law/criminal law The Common law system can be further broken down into civil and criminal law. Civil law is where an action brought by one individual/entity against another. As it emphasises on remedies the standard of proof required by the plaintiff is to prove the case on
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