George in the storyline is a man who works a very physically demanding job digging canals in Panama. He one day decides to write a letter to Ester‚ the unmarried woman who works with fabrics‚ and he immediately takes a liking to her. They exchange letters for about six months and then it happens- George sends her a letter proclaiming his love and asks Ester to be his wife. She replies and says she would love to; he comes a few weeks later for the wedding. Off the bat when they met‚ it seems to
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should be economically attractive in order to compete with currently used fossil fuels. In this work‚ biodiesel (ethyl ester) was prepared from waste cooking oil collected from a local restaurant in Halifax‚ Nova Scotia‚ Canada. Ethyl alcohol with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst was used for the transesterification process. The fatty acid composition of the final biodiesel esters was determined by gas chromatography. The biodiesel was characterized by its physical and fuel properties including
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its major application is for cellulose acetate‚ a synthetic textile. Acetic anhydride is also a reagent for the production of heroin. Ester production Acetic acid can be used for synthesis of various esters like ethyl acetate‚ propyl acetate‚ n-butyl acetate‚ isobutyl acetate etc. These esters are commonly used as solvents for inks‚ paints and coatings. The esters are produced by acid catalyzed reaction of acetic acid with the corresponding
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Materials Lab apron Test-tube rack Goggles 500 mL beaker 1 mL Octanol Hot plate 1 mL Ethanoic acid Pipet and bulb Graduated Cylinder Evaporating dish 2 mL concentrate H2SO4 2 test tubes Procedure – Preparing the ester 1. A hot-water bath was prepared by filling a 500 mL beaker with water and heating it carefully on a hot plate until it came to gentle boil. 2. One mL of octanol was pipetted into a test tube. 3. In the fume hood‚ a pipet was used
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Erin Axson ENG101-036 The Discussion of “The Making and Unmaking of a Child Soldier” by Ishmael Beah The story “The Making and Unmaking of a Child Solider” is an insightful look into the life of a child drawn into the horror of war‚ yet still managing to survive. Throughout the story you see several examples of how a child evolves in spite of adversity and violence. At 12 years old children should be playing sports and living fun‚ healthy lives. This is opposite of Beah’s childhood experience
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effectively converted into acetic acid‚ ethyl ester‚ or was separated in light oil phase when using ethanol as solvent. When ethanol was hydrodeoxygenated with noble metal catalyst‚ 72.4 % of ethanol converted into gas and only 27.6 % was left. It contained a certain level of ethyl ester (such as acetic acid‚ ethyl ester and propanoic acid‚ ethyl ester). Therefore‚ ethanol was concerned to the HDO reaction as co-reactant (convert acid in bio-oil into ester) and enhanced acidity and stability of
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containing the ester product(top spot) was much more darker than the spot containing the remaining alcohol starting material(bottom spot). Because the created ester product is less polar than the starting material‚ it is reasonable that the the ester travelled further up the plate‚ leading to a higher Rf value than that of the alcohol(bottom spot). Comparing reaction B to reaction A‚ the one that used S-HBTM‚ the ester product spot was a lot less darker than that of reaction B’s ester product spot
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oil were identified. The main compounds were 9‚ 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z‚ Z)-‚ methyl ester (14.3 %)‚ Cedran-diol‚ 8s‚ 14- (13.2 %)‚ Caryophyllene (11.8 %). Sesquiterpenes were the main group of compounds. Sesquiterpenes and its derivatives are used as anti cancer‚ immunosuppressive and anti inflammatory agents. Key words: Solanum erianthum‚ hydrodistillation‚ 9‚ 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z‚Z)-‚ methyl ester‚ Cedran-diol‚ 8s‚ 14-‚ Caryophyllene‚ Sesquiterpenes. Introduction The Solanaceae are
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fluorescent dye to accept this energy and convert it into light. Although there is more than one recipe for a lightstick‚ a common commercial lightstick uses a solution of hydrogen peroxide that is kept separate from a solution of a phenyl oxalate ester together with a fluorescent dye. The color of the fluorescent dye is what determines the resulting color of the lightstick when the chemical solutions are mixed. The basic premise of the reaction is that the reaction between the two chemicals releases
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the methyl which the PR3 attacked. Before we dive into the details of the reaction occurring in scheme 2 it will be important to understand the mechanism which I will provide below: The reason that no base is needed in scheme 2 is due to the two ester groups present in Maleate. Upon the initial attack of PBu3 we see that electrons are pushed onto what was originally one of the double bonded oxygen’s. In the next step‚ the electrons on the oxygen can be pushed down via resonance which causes the
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