The sixteenth amendment in article I‚ section 8 gives congress the power to impose and collect taxes on incomes‚ from whatever source derived‚ without apportionment among the several States‚ and without regard to any census or enumeration. In article I‚ section 9 states that no direct could be imposed unless made proportion to the population based on census result‚ which means congress has to levy taxes based on the state population rather than individual. During the civil war the federal government
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16th amendment: Income Tax In America‚ one of the biggest tax bites on our income is the federal income tax‚ although state and local taxes also take a substantial bite. There are property taxes and sales taxes. Every time we fill up the gas tax‚ we are paying a tax. We pay so much taxes that some have calculated “tax freedom day”‚ as the day during the year when our nation has theoretically earned the income necessary to have paid our taxes for a year. We pay taxes to pay for government services
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AP European Summer Work Chapter 9: The flowering of Medieval Civilizations Cultural Developments: in the 12th and early 13th century‚ education was revolutionized‚ the Bureaucratization of monarchies was introduced‚ the commercial transactions in cities‚ and the development of church and civil law as society became wealthier and more expansive. The Rise of Universities: In the high middle ages‚ universities revolutionized the world. Monastic Schools; monastic schools were found favorable
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interpretation of religion declined strongly. This focus on European standards in a global perspective is the formation of new religious traditions opposed and originated in Asia as well as Europe and North America. The modern period‚ in particular the marked by colonial expansion and Christian revivalism in the 19 Century‚ leaving many "small" and "big" religions in all parts of the world arise. Seen from this perspective is commonly known as the Modern Rationality Profound religion turns out to be highly
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In the sixteenth and seventeenth centaury in Europe there were was a scientific triumph that led to insight and new information of astronomy. Scientist such as Copernicus‚ Kepler‚ Galileo‚ and newton questioned the scientific methods of Ptolemy and Aristotle. These scientists changed the beliefs of their followers to create a more modern way of life. In the sixteenth century‚ the beliefs of Aristotelian-Ptolemaic were accepted by society. The geocentric theory was one of many that was created
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Prostitution in Europe The world’s largest trade‚ prostitution‚ has always found ways to overcome the legal attempts to suppress it. Prostitution has become one of the most common trades throughout the world. Many poor countries have turned to prostitution as an outlet from their economic difficulties. It is the easiest from of labor for those who do not have a proper education or the economic background to join the legal labor force. Many men and women have found this line of work
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The expansion of Western Europe started with the Iberian phase. Spain and Portugal‚ the two countries of the Iberian Peninsula‚ had a short-lived yet important role in European expansion. European expansion then turned to Western Europe. Western Europe consists of the Dutch‚ French‚ and British. While Western Europe was exploring new worlds overseas‚ the Russians were expanding westward across all of Eurasia. Religion played a major role in expansion for both the Portuguese and the Spanish due
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Politics and the State in Western Europe ca 1450-1521 Due to the ineffective leadership‚ the nation states of Frances‚ England and Spain utilized aggressive methods to rebuild their governments in the fifteenth century. This was accomplished though the revival of the monarchy and the unification of nations. The French leaders led their people and nation states to success. Charles VII‚ a sovereign viewed as weak and frail‚ proved himself a powerful leader. Charles (reigned from
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Strategy 2020 Europe 2020 is a 10-year strategy proposed by the European Commission on 3 March 2010 for advancement of the economy of the European Union. It aims at "smart‚ sustainable‚ inclusive growth" with greater coordination of national and European policy. It follows the Lisbon Strategy for the period 2000–2010. On 26 March 2010‚ the European Council agreed on the key elements of the new strategy. President Herman Van Rompuy who chaired the meeting pointed out that the strategy sums up the
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Reformation in Europe(1500-1620) Causes for reformation Conflicts between European nation states People at bottom of social structures tired of being at the bottom Invention of the printing press leading to more people reading and interpreting bible and noticing how corrupt Catholic Church is. Sale of indulgences sold by john Tetzel Modern Devotion or Brothers of Common Life Established by Gerard Groote Based out of Zwolle and Deventer in the Netherlands Stressed having a personal relationship
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