University of Michigan Why Do Firms Smooth Earnings?* I. Introduction Corporate earnings management has been much in the news lately. For example‚ Business Week has recently run two cover stories‚ one titled “Who Can You Trust?” (October 5‚ 1998) and the other titled “The Numbers Game” (May 14‚ 2001)‚ that suggest that the credibility of earnings reports is being eroded by earnings management. Arthur Levitt‚ Jr.‚ chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)‚ commented in 1998:
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Evolution and Creationism Outline: Thesis: "Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution." I. Acceptance of Creation is growing in spite of overwhelming evidence proving Evolution There is no easy resolution for whats true and evolution or creationism. It is a complex topic with profound scientific‚ religious‚ educational‚ and criticism. How can a student or parent come to grips with this issue? Evolution vs. Creationism provides a badly needed‚ comprehensive
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Evolution of Business Tracy Gregory Foundations of Business/BUS210 December 7‚ 2014 Overview • Feudalism • Mercantilism • Capitalism • Commerce • Property Rights • The Industrial Revolution Feudalism • Business or economic system in which one class of people (Aristocrats) control the property rights to all valuable resources‚ including people. • Laborers began to receive more rights and rewards • To make their estates more profitable‚ land owners assigned the most reliable workers to take control
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MAA103 & MAAP103 - Accounting for Decision Making ASSIGNMENT – TRIMESTER TWO‚ 2011 (Relates to Topic 4) Represents 20% of the assessment for this unit DUE DATE: ASSIGNMENT PLANNER: MONDAY 1 AUGUST‚ BY 5.00pm FINAL ASSIGNMENT: THURSDAY 8 SEPTEMBER‚ BY 5.00pm NOTE the following general submission points: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Assignment can be completed in groups of no more than THREE students. Students CAN NOT complete assignment with students from other lecturers classes. Only ONE hardcopy of
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Evolution of Advertising | | | | | Amrit Keyal | | | Introduction The first advertisement may have been a sign painted on a wall of a building. The early outdoor-advertising competitors were town criers employed by merchants to praise their goods. It was Gutenberg’s invention of the moveable-type printing press in 1450 that resulted in the mass production of posters and circulars. The first advertisement printed in English was a handbill printed in 1472. It was primarily
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Human Evolution is just a theory. Hominids began to come to life about four to five million years ago and only one will adapt to become us. Many species had to adapt to their environment or die off. The result of changes in the environment made us today. Australopithecus aferensis are one of the first hominids‚ also known as the Australopith. The Australopith had a reason why they had to stand up on two legs. Eight million years ago‚ Africa was covered with tropical rain forests. Suddenly‚ tectonic
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The Evolution of Freedom Freedom has been an ever-changing concept in this country. The existence of slavery‚ shutting down non-violent peace rallies‚ women without the privilege to vote‚ and invasion of citizen’s privacy by the government; these are all examples of the evolution over perceptions of freedom. These are illustrations of freedom that we presently know of‚ that we were stripped of‚ or were not considered as our rights. Freedom is being able to do things without the fear of
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Chapter 5 Accounting for Merchandising Operations Chapter Summary Merchandising Operations • A merchandising company is an enterprise that buys and sells goods to earn a profit. • Measuring net income for a merchandising company is the same as for a service company through matching of expenses with revenues. • In a merchandising company‚ the primary source of revenue is the sale of merchandise‚ which is called sales revenue or sales. • Expenses for merchandising
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Like most creatures‚ the horse has undergone several modifications. One of the very first ancestors of the modern horse is the Hyracotherium. (Hunt) The Hyracotherium looked more like a dog with its arched back‚ short neck‚ petite snout‚ stubby legs‚ and long tail. The Hyracotherium even had padded feet‚ like a dog. (Hunt) The major exception was that on each of its four toes on each front foot and three toes on hind feet‚ it had hoof like structures instead of claws. (Hunt) It ate fruit and other
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What is a theory? In this book we consider various theories of financial accounting. Perhaps‚ there¬fore‚ we should start by considering what we mean by a ’theory’. There are various perspectives of what constitutes a theory. The Oxford English Dictionary provides various definitions‚ including: A scheme or system of ideas or statements held as an explanation or account (description) of a group of facts or phenomena. Explanation or Account (description) of a group
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