EXPERIMENT 1: REACTIONS OF ENOLATE IONS WITH CARBONYL GROUPS Aims In this experiment we used two techniques for the reactions of enolate ions with carbonyl groups. One technique used was Doebner reaction and the other technique used was Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Therefore the aim of this experiment is to synthesize trans p-methoxycinnamic acid and to synthesize dibenzalacetone via an aldol condensation reaction between acetone and benzaldehyde. The products would be recrystallized using ethanol
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20/04/2013 Pepsin Experiment Experiment protocol to test the effect of temperature on the enzyme pepsin Lab Day: Tuesday Lab Time: 10-1pm Are you in Lab G20 (furthest from BSB Student Office) or Lab G21 (closest to BSB Student Office)?: G20 Demonstrator Name: Tamsin Peters Names of Group Members: Roanna Humphries Daniel Markus Nicholle Cooke-Hayes Dean Do Rosario Pepsin Name of Enzyme You are Investigating: Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................
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Activity of the Enzyme Catalase in breaking down Hydrogen Peroxide and the effect of various factors on Enzyme Activity Introduction The enzyme catalase is present in cells in order to speed the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‚ which is a toxic chemical to the human body. When hydrogen peroxide is broken down‚ the end products are Water (H2O) and Oxygen (O2). In this report‚ the reaction of catalase to hydrogen peroxide is being tested. Furthermore‚ the effects of temperature‚ concentration
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for the effects of temperature on the enzyme activity was that the reaction’s rate would increase as the temperature increased‚ until they go over the optimum temperature where the enzymes denature and the reaction’s rate quickly drops to zero. At 5 degree C the rate is 0.00059mole PNP/min. This then increases to 0.01031mmoles PNP/min at a temperature of 50 degree C. The rate then drops drastically to -0.00215moles PNP/min. This point is where the enzymes have been denatured and have no activity
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Use of Enzymes in Food Industry - Food industry utilizes a variety of enzymes for processing of various foods‚ e.g.‚ production of various types of syrups from starch or sucrose (a- and β- amylases‚ glucamylase‚ pullulanase‚ invertase‚ and glucose isomerase)‚ meat/protein processing using proteases‚ removal of glucose and or molecular oxygen (O2) using glucose oxidase and catalase‚ use of lactase in dairy industry and use of enzymes in fruit juice and brewing industries. Glucose oxides are obtained
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Lab #5-Enzymes NAME DATE LAB PERIOD Introduction Enzymes are proteins‚ though highly complex and diverse‚ they serve one basic function; to work as an organic catalyst. A catalyst‚ as defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary‚ is a substance that enables a chemical reaction to proceed at a usually faster rate ("Catalyst-Definition and more."). They function by reducing the activation energy‚ or energy required to start a reaction. The way enzymatic reaction works cannot be altered‚ but the
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Abstract The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of temperature on the enzyme catalase. The original research question was exploring the effect temperature would have on a yeast catalase reacting with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). To address the latter question a series of experiments were conducted. The various temperatures experimented with were as follows: 22 degrees Celsius (room temperature)‚ 0 degrees Celsius (freezing)‚ 100 degrees Celsius (boiling)‚ and 37 degrees Celsius.
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Enzymes are generally protein macromolecules that act as catalysts in metabolic reactions. A catalyst is a chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction. Enzymes speed up metabolic reaction rates by lowering the activation energy barrier‚ which is the amount of energy initially needed to spark a reaction. It allows reactant molecules to absorb enough energy to break bonds and react without raising the temperature to an extreme. During this process the substrate
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Catalysts are substances that increase chemical reactions while using less energy. They also remain unchanged after use‚ which enables it to be used repeatedly. Cells have special catalysts called enzymes‚ which are specialized proteins that help accelerate chemical cell reactions. (Evert‚ RF & Eichhorn‚ SE 2013). Enzymes also control plant metabolic processes such as respiration (Evert RF‚ Eichhorn SE & Perry JB 2013). This experiment focuses on the enzyme catalase. Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide
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Investigate Concentration of Substrate on Catalase enzyme 1. Aim/Prediction. Aim of this experiment is to investigate concentration of substrate on catalase enzyme‚ as well to see how they work in different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Prediction would be‚ that the filter paper discs that were used‚ will rise up to the surface in a time in the tube of different concentration of hydrogen peroxide. And in different concentrations the time will be different. As higher the concentration
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