Basics of Direct Taxes(Income Tax Act) and Indirect Taxes(VAT‚ CST‚ Excise duty‚ Service Tax etc.‚) The Persons who are taxed are called “Assessees”. Assessees or “Person” under the Income Tax Act‚ 1961(as amended Yearly under the respective Finance Acts) are as follows:- 1) Individual 2) Hindu Undivided Family(HUF) 3) Firm or Association of Persons(AOP) 4) Joint Stock Company 5) Every other person Whether an Assessee is liable to be taxed and if so‚ on what income etc.‚ depends on the
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Lauren Smith From: Tax Accountant‚ CPA Date: August 22‚ 2012 Re: Deductibility of Education Expense Facts You incurred $15‚000 in education expense during the tax year in the course of earning an MBA from a local university. You wants to deduct these expenses on her tax return as an employee business expense‚ as your employer does not have an education expense reimbursement program. Issue The issue is (1) whether education expenses can be deductible on the tax return as an employee
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Essay on the topic: Sorces of tax law of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Moldova Sources (forms) of the tax law - are formally defined as external forms‚ which contain rules governing the relations arising in the process of taxation. The sources of tax law are generally accepted to consist of different normative legal acts containing the relevant rules of law. The sources of the tax law is the law of the Russian Federation are the laws on taxes and fees‚ the laws of subjects of the
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Federal Reserve Luke SkyScrapper Finance 366 January 30‚ 2012 Joseph Vader Federal Reserve Federal reserve is the backbone of the US economy. The Federal Reserve serves as our country nation’s bank. The fed functions are to regulate our major financial institutions and control the flow of money in our country. The Federal Reserve System was created by the Congress because of the Federal Reserve Act in 1913 to fix some flaws of the national banking systems that become clearly visible
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ALTERNATIVE MINIMUM TAX ALTERNATIVE MINIMUM TAX The alternative minimum tax (AMT) is an income tax imposed by the United States federal government on individuals‚ corporations‚ estates and trusts. AMT is imposed at a nearly flat rate on the adjusted amount of taxable income above a certain threshold (also known as exemption). Note that this exemption is substantially higher than the exemption from regular income tax. Regular income tax is adjusted for
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Bruce Bartlett’s book The Benefit and The Burden is essentially a book that talks about the existing tax code in the United States and the reason(s) it is need of a reform. The author starts the book by briefly discussing the history of Federal Income Taxation in the United States starting from the post-American Revolution period at which time there was nothing called the income tax. In fact‚ income tax didn’t get introduced in the United States until 1861. The only form of taxation before that were
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Tax structure of Pakistan TAX: To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law. Some commentators have argued that "a direct tax is one that cannot be shifted by the taxpayer to someone else‚ whereas an indirect tax can be”. A income tax is a tax levied on the income of individuals or businesses (corporations
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Ahmed Said | Federal system of Malaysia | | Master’s Of Public Administration & Management | Ahmed Said Musse | 12/17/2012 | | Table of Contents Introduction 2 Federalism 2 Malaysian Government Structure 5 Federal Government 5 Conference of Rulers 5 Monarchy 6 Federal Legislative 7 Federal Executive 8 Judiciary 9 State Legislatures 9 State Executive Council 10 Separation of Powers 10 Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism 11 Conclusion. 12
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new measures and tools has the Federal Reserve employed in the past 2 years that have not been employed in the past 2 decades? In researching information to answer this question‚ I learned that there are 12 Federal Reserve Districts or Banks (I didn’t know this) and 25 branches. Each region works with the others to establish control for the entire country. The leadership for the System is called the Board of Governors and it is located in Washington D.C. (Federal Reserve‚ 2011). It is their job
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In today’s economic times of futility‚ the Federal Reserve of the United States has been rising in prominence in the media and news. But what exactly does the Federal Reserve do and what is its role in the country’s economy? The Federal Reserve is actually a more recent addition to the country’s economic system and is in fact something that the Federal Government fought against for a long period of time. The Federal Reserve had to go through a tough process to be implemented‚ but has been standing
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