PRODUCTION & OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT MB0044 SET I 1. Explain in brief the origins of Just in Time. Explain the different types of wastes that can be eliminated using JIT. Just-in-Time (JIT) is a production strategy that strives to improve a business’ return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs. Just In Time production method is also called the Toyota Production System. To meet JIT objectives‚ the process relies on signals or Kanban between different
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source same End result ! ends with financial statements ! integral part of other business aspects B. Cost Accounting Terminology 1. Nature of Cost Cost - A sacrifice of resources: Cost is a measurement in monetary terms of the amount of resources used for some purpose. Expense - The cost charged against revenue in a particular accounting period. 2. Purposes of Gathering Cost Information Routine decision making:
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1. Program planning involves: identifying the most critical needs of clientele‚ projecting needs of clientele‚ knowing our ability to respond to clientele needs‚ planning and delivering programs to address needs‚ evaluating the outcome of our efforts‚ and reporting that outcome back to partners‚ stakeholders‚ and constituents. Program planning is the very essence of being an extension professional. Every extension professional‚ regardless of position‚ both responds to requests from the public and
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activities‚ such as receiving‚ storage and configuration and other related activities; b. Production operation‚ forthcoming input into the end product of related activities; c. Productive activities‚ such as finished goods transportation‚ storage‚ customer contact‚ order processing‚ etc. d. Sales activities to let customers understand and buying of goods‚ such as advertising‚ promotion‚ marketing agency costs‚ etc; e. Service activities‚ including training‚ repair‚ maintenance‚ components renewal
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following data have been recorded for recently completed Job 501 on its job cost sheet. Direct materials cost was $3‚067. A total of 30 direct labor-hours and 104 machine-hours were worked on the job. The direct labor wage rate is $12 per labor-hour. The company applies manufacturing overhead on the basis of machinehours. The predetermined overhead rate is $11 per machine-hour. The total cost for the job on its job cost sheet would be: A. $4‚571 B. $3‚757 C. $3‚090 D. $3‚427 Applied manufacturing
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Answer A Business Trip to Brussels 1. Identify all the micro operations and their activities which are mentioned. The micro operations are categorised in ’order of appearance’ in Attachment 1. In class this stage can be missed‚ going straight on to the analysis matrix. For assessed work both steps would probably be used. 2. Classify them in accordance with the structure in Table 1.5. Refer to Attachment 2. Starting with the blank matrix‚ and filling it out on the board or overhead
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COST ANALYSIS OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION MEANING DEFINITIONS TYPES OF COSTS MONETARY COSTS REAL COSTS OPPORTUNITY COSTS ECONOMIC COSTS ACCOUNTING COSTS INCREMENTAL COSTS SUNK COSTS FUTURE COSTS PRIVATE‚ EXTERNAL AND SOCIAL COSTS FIXED / SUPPLEMENTARY / OVERHEAD COSTS VARIABLE / PRIME COSTS REPLACEMENT COSTS PRODUCTION COSTS SELLING COSTS CONTROLLABLE COSTS DIRECT COSTS INDIRECT COSTS SHORT RUN COSTS CURVES LONG RUN COSTS CURVES OBJECTIVES To understand the meaning of cost. To discuss different types
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COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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The Toyota Production System Introduction Today‚ automobile manufacturing is still the world ’s largest manufacturing activity. Forty years ago‚ Peter Drucker dubbed it "the industries of industries." After First World War‚ Henry Ford and General Motors ’ Alfred Sloan moved world manufacture from centuries of craft production (led by European firms into the age of mass production.) His production innovation was the moving assembling line‚ which brought together many mass-produced parts to create
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what is meant by a “pull” production system. 4. Describe the schedule of cost goods manufactured. How does it tie into the income statement? 5. Why are product costs sometimes called inventoriable costs? Describe the flow of such costs in a manufacturing company from the point of incurrence until they finally become expenses on the income statement. 6. Is it possible for costs such as salaries or depreciation to end up assets on the balance sheet? Explain. 7. “The variable cost per unit varies with output
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