MODULE II Capital structure-theories of capital structure – MM model‚ incentive issues and agency cost; financial signaling; Capitalization-under capitalization –over capitalization-capital gearing Leverage – operating leverage-financial leverage Cost –volume- profit analysis PREPARED BY MRS. REKHA VENUGOPAL Capital structure In order to run and manage a company funds are needed. Right from the promotional stage
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Financial Markets Study Material on Financial Markets Compiled by Prof. Anil Suvarna Anil Suvarna 1 Financial Markets Syllabus No. Contents Section 1: Introduction to Equities 1.1 Indian Financial Markets: An Overview 1.2 Classification of Financial Markets 1.3 1.4 Evolution of Stock Markets in India History of Stock Exchanges in India 1.5 Management of Stock Markets Section 2: Equities 2.1 Equities: History‚ Meaning and Definition 2.2 Types of
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by health organizations to encourage healthy living that advised people to avoid fats and to eat only healthy foods. As these issues are closely linked to the operations that would eventually affect profitability of the KFC‚ a change of marketing plan that definesits corporate responsibility to its stakeholders is needed. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been defined as “the concept that an organization has obligations not just to conduct its business and adhere to legal guidelines‚ but
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Financial Statements Financial statements are records of relative financial information of organizations that are highly valuable to both internal and external users of that organization. The following four basic financial statements constitute the foundation of accounting: * Balance sheet * Income statement * Retained earnings statement * Statement of cash flows Purpose of the Financial Statements The balance sheet shows a clear picture of the organization’s financial
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Financial Management MM.100 Subject Code: B-103 Part One: 1. Question :The approach focused mainly on the financial problem of corporate enterprises Ans: (a)Ignored non-corporate enterprise. 2. Question :These are those shares‚ which can be redeemed or repaid to the holders after a lapse of the stipulated period Ans: (c) Redeemable preference shares 3. Question: This type of risk arises from changes in environment regulations‚ zoning requirements‚ fees‚ licenses and most frequently taxes
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CONCEPT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION Financial inclusion denotes the provision of affordable financial services‚ (viz.‚ access to payments and remittance facilities‚ savings‚ loans and insurance services) by the formal financial system to those who tend to be excluded. The various formal financial services include credit‚ savings‚ insurance‚ pension and payments and remittance facilities. The most commonly understood objective of financial inclusion is to extend the scope of activities of the organized
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APPLIED FINANCIAL ANALYSIS (ACCT 411) PACKAGES LIMITED Group Members Introduction Page 3 Research Methodology Page 10 Analytical Adjustments Page 10 Ratio Analysis Page 15 Horizontal Analysis Page 21 Vertical Analysis Page 25 Cash Flow Statement Analysis Page 26 Recommendations Page 27 Limitations of Analysis Page 28 Work cited Page 29 Introduction We have chosen Packages Limited as the Company for the purposes of our analysis. We’ll be also analyzing Cherat
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Contents 2 Financial versus Managerial Accounting 3 Problems in Implementing an Accounting Information System 3 Developing an Accounting Information System 4 Conclusion 5 Bibliography 7 FINANCIAL VERSUS MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING Financial accounting is focused on historical data. It involves the process of recording‚ summarizing and reporting financial information from a specified period of time in order to determine the financial position and
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Financial System The financial system—the collection of markets‚ institutions‚ laws‚ regulations‚ and techniques through which bonds‚ stocks‚ and other securities are traded‚ interest rates are determined‚ and financial services are produced and delivered around the world. The financial system is one of the most important creations of modern society. Its primary task is to move scarce loanable funds from those who save to those who borrow to buy goods and services and to make investments in new
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HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS PETRON CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (Amounts in Million Pesos) 2013 2012 2011 ASSETS Current Assets Cash and cash equivalents 211.55% 113.19% 100% Financial assets at fair value Through profit or loss 330.38%
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