(Photosynthesis Lab background)
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INTRODUCTION: Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group‚ -COOH. This acid acts as a weak acid‚ which can react with a strong base. Carboxylic acids form hydrogen bonds with many water molecules and are more soluble with one to four carbon atoms. Also‚ it may have an R group that consist of hydrogen or an alkyl group that changes its water solubility. Carboxylic acids with low molecular weight have odor at room temperature and higher molecular weight
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Genetically Modified Organisms INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this lab was to identify if non-labeled food products are actually genetically modified foods. Before we could begin testing this theory we first had to gain an understanding about genetically modified organisms in general. This was rather easy because if you have been to any grocery store lately you have without a doubt seen products with labels saying "GMO-free" or even "contains only non-GMO ingredients." GMO actually stands for
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Transpiration Formal Lab Report By Jessica Tran Introduction When water is transported from the roots to the mesophyll cells in the leaves‚ it is evaporates out the stomates‚ called transpiration‚ to create a lower osmotic potential. Osmotic potential is the part of the water potential of a tissue that results from the presence of solute particles. Even though the stomates open to release water‚ it also brings in carbon dioxide to produce sugar and oxygen through a process of photosynthesis
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iron powder. Para-aminophenol crystallises out from the mother liquid which is subsequently centrifuged. Para-aminophenyl crystal is then reacted with acetic anhydride to produce pure paracetamol. The reactions are summarised as shown below: Lab scale manufacture Paracetamol can be easily prepared in the laboratory using phenol. Phenol reacts with sodium nitrate and separate para nitro phenol from outho nitro phenol. Then para nitro phenol is converted into para amino phenol using sodium
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Alyssa Caparelli Organic Chemistry 12A Professor Alston October 28‚ 2014 Isolation of Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Pigments from Spinach Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to isolate ß-carotene‚ chlorophyll-A‚ and chlorophyll-B from spinach using column chromatography. Spinach was dehydrated using ethanol‚ and the pigments were extracted with dichloromethane. The spinach extracts were dried using CaCl2. Then‚ the solid pigments were run through a column using a non-polar solvent‚ hexane
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ketone to form an alcohol (Figure 1). The reaction of a Grignard reagent with formaldehyde can be to synthesize a primary alcohol‚ with any other aldehyde can be used to synthesize a secondary alcohol‚ while the reaction with ketone is useful in the synthesis of a tertiary alcohol. Figure 1. General reaction mechanism of a Grignard Reaction The preparation of the Grignard reagent involves the adding of an alkyl halide to a suspension of magnesium metal in an anhydrous ether solvent through a radical
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carbohydrates and water (H20 + CO2 + Light CH2O + O2). For photosynthesis to take place they need water‚ carbon dioxide and light and chloroplasts. Light is absorbed inside he thylakoid membrane of the chloroplasts‚ and the carbohydrate reaction or synthesis takes place in the stroma. In plants there are five kinds of chlorophylls with the same basic structure‚ chlorophylls occur as greenish pigments and capture light
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In this lab‚ we extracted spinach pigments‚ and analyzed what colors of light these pigments absorb. By using TLC plate‚ hexane and acetone‚ I separated the pigments of spinach‚ and discovered that the main pigments were green and yellow. This works because with different polarities‚ pigments move at different rates. Hexane and acetone were also used to separate chlorophyll and carotene from spinach. Since they are polar‚ they can separate organic and inorganic things. From the experiment‚ I know
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Plunkett worked with chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) in an attempt to create a new refrigerant. Using an iron pressure bottle that acted as a catalyst‚ tetrafluoroethylene was compressed and accidentally polymerized into a white‚ waxy solid (Chemours‚ S.a). Synthesis
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