participants‚ deception‚ confidentiality‚ withdrawal from an investigation and to mention only a few. The purpose of this essay is to clearly evaluate how these ethical issues mentioned above are important in research and giving valid examples using case studies where researches with ethical issues were conducted. Zechmeister (2012)‚ suggest that ethics are important in research because when informed consent have been done which is giving much information as possible to the participants‚ the participants
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Cultural Psychology Notes 01/22/15 1. Understanding Cross-Cultural Psychology a. Culture i. Definition: Set of attitudes‚ behaviors‚ symbols shared by a large group of people b. Cross-cultural psychology i. Definition: Critical and comparative study of cultural effects on human behavior in relation to psychology? c. How do they differ? i. Cultural psychology seeks to discover meaningful links between culture and psych of individual ii. Human behavior is meaningful only when viewed in sociological
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Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior‚ emotion and thought‚ which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. There is a long history of attempts to understand and control behavior deemed to be aberrant or deviant (statistically‚ morally or in some other sense)‚ and there is often cultural variation in the approach taken. The field of abnormal psychology identifies multiple different causes for different conditions‚ employing
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PSYCH 102 WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY scientific study of behavior and mental processes (cognitions‚ emotions‚ motivations‚ perceptions‚ sensations) PRE-SCIENTIFIC Buddha questioned the nature of self & how sensations & perceptions combine to form ideas Confucius stressed the power of ideas and the importance of an educated mind. BIOLOGICAL/MEDICINAL/PHILOSOPICAL ROOTS Hippocrates (460-377 BC) & Galen (130-200) proposed that imbalances in one of the body’s four basic substances (humours) affect one’s physical
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infer or make an intelligence guess about‚ the population Sample: a set of observations drawn from the population of interest. Samples are used most often because it is rare that we are able to study every person (or organization or laboratory rat) in a particular population. Researchers usually study a sample‚ but they are really interested in the population‚ which includes all possible observations about which we’d like to know something. Discrete Variables that can only take on specific values
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Sigmund Freud was the founder of psychoanalysis and the psychodynamic approach to psychology. This school of thought emphasized the influence of theunconscious mind on behavior. Freud believed that the human mind was composed of three elements: the id‚ the ego‚ and the superego. Freud’s theories ofpsychosexual stages ‚ the unconscious‚ and dream symbolism remain a popular topic among both psychologists and laypersons‚ despite the fact that his work is viewed with skepticism by many today.
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Psyc 3331 Psychology of Gender Notes 02.02.05 Chapter 1 Key Terms Androcentric bias: discipline of psychology that is largely focused on men and describes men as superior and women as inferior. Bias in Research Methods: bias occurs in every part of the research process-from question formulation and research design to data analysis and interpretation Blatant sexism: occurs when women are treated in a transparently harmful and unequal way. Covert sexism: form of sexism that’s intentional
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Psychology is the study of the human behavior especially how the mind of the human beings works. For many years‚ the behavior of human beings has been studied by very many scholars and they have come up with very many reasons as to why people behave in such a manner. However‚ as a student my main ambition is to become a drug and alcohol counselor. Therefore‚ this class of general psychology has helped me in building my career very much due to the course content value. Variation is one of the most
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cause-and-effect relationship between levels of acetylcholine and memory * Limitations – questionable to what extent these findings can be generalised to humans; assumed that memory processes are the same for all animals. Case study: PHINEAS GAGE Aim: the most famous study of how brain damage can affect behaviour * Phineas Gage‚ 25 years old railroad worker‚ got in a serious accident. While trying to blast through a rocky cliff‚ an explosion sent a metal pole through his skull. Iron entered Gage’s
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OCEAN v. Social cognitive theories of personality 1. Bandura’s Reciprocal Determinism 2. Rotter’s Locus of Control B. Measuring and studying personality i. Nature vs. Nurture 1. Minnesota twins studies/Jim study 2. Loehlin adoption studies 3. Cultural influence – Hofstede’s world-wide study ii. Personality assessment methods 1. Observation 2. Interviews 3. Personality Inventories a. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) b. California Personality Inventory (CPI) c. Myers-Briggs
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