Dividend Policy: Clientele Effects and Signalling Model Literature Review Sharon Theresia 17132233 Corporate Finance 307 Singapore Campus Abstract Two of the most influential dividend policies are being reviewed and compared. in this paper‚ clientele effects and signalling model are two chosen policies. Findings implied that clientele is shaped by tax preferences of shareholders which in the end will determine companies’ ideal dividend policies. It is also believed that amount of paid dividend
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CORPORATE DIVIDEND PRACTICE One consideration is the desire to have a relatively stable dividend; the second is the desire to pay out‚ in the long run‚ a given fraction of earnings. This fraction is usually referred to as the payout target. These objectives may be conflicting. Earnings tend to fluctuate substantially from year to year. If a corporation routinely paid out a given fraction of those earnings as dividends‚ then the dividend itself would tend to fluctuate drastically from year to year
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University of Hong Kong Dividend Policy Bank distributed a $6.30 dividend per share in 2008. If you purchased shares in Hang Seng Bank at $87 per share‚ the company’s dividend yield was 7.2% ($6.30/$87) which is much higher than the bank deposit rate. Dividend payout ratio is another important indicator: Dividend payout ratio = Dividend per share ÷ Earnings per share Dividend policy is the policy used by a company to decide how much it will pay out to shareholders in dividends. In your financial
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Dividend Theory 1. Discuss the factors which may impact on a firm’s dividend policy? .Industry and Company Variations Payout ratios vary amongst different industries e.g. firms within the telecoms and utilities sectors may typically payout around 60% of earnings in dividends‚ whilst retailers and computer software companies may typically payout around 20% of earnings in dividends Legal Constraints 1. Legal constraints can be viewed in the context of three broad areas;
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help management must decide on the form of the dividend distribution‚ generally as cash dividends or via a share buyback. Various factors may be taken into consideration: where shareholders must pay tax on dividends‚ firms may elect to retain earnings or to perform a stock buyback‚ in both cases increasing the value of shares outstanding. Alternatively‚ some companies will pay "dividends" from stock rather than in cash. The purpose of an optimal dividend policy should be to maximize shareholders’
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How accurate is the statement that “The dividend policy of a firm is irrelevant”. By Mr. George Ekegey Ekeha (MBA – Finance‚ MBA & BCom) (Lecturer in Corporate Finance & International Finance @ Regent University College of Science & Technology) Email: ekegey24ge@yahoo.co.uk March 2009 THIS PAPER IS PREPARED IN RESPONSE TO A RELEVANT QUESTION TO HELP STUDENTS TAKING CORPORATE FINANCE COURSE. No Part of This Thesis Is To Be Used For Any Purposes‚ Other Than Academic REFERENCE
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ONE 1 INTRODUCTION The term dividend refers to that part of profits of a company which is distributed by the company among its shareholders. It is the reward of the shareholders for investments made by them in the shares of the company. The investors are interested in earning the maximum return on their investments and to maximize their wealth. A company‚ on the other hand‚ needs to provide funds to finance its long-term growth. If a company pays out as dividend most of what it earns‚ then for
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THE SETTING OF DIVIDEND POLICY Dividend policy is likely to be set in the form of a goal rather than a rigid rule‚ even though a definite policy has the advantage of providing the investor‚ or potential investor‚ a clear basis for choice. Investors knowing the dividend policy of the alternative companies can choose the type of company that best fits their individual investment goals. This is desirable‚ because stockholders differ in the extent to which they prefer dividends rather than opportunities
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THE EXCHANGE OFFER6EVALUATION OF THE TRADE-OFF7REFERENCES10INTRODUCTIONA firm’s decisions about dividends are often mixed up with other financing and investment decisions. Some firms pay low dividends because management is optimistic about the firm’s future and wishes to retain earnings for expansion. Other firms might finance capital expenditures largely by borrowing. All the above are examples of dividend policies which can be defined more precisely as the trade-off between retaining earnings on the
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Lower investment rate due to the fact that FPL probably does not raise dividends as discussed - Suggestion of dividend cuts by FPL’s managers - FPL’s stock price has fallen by 19.6% while the S&P index has decreased by 22.1% - Rising interest rate and increasing competition in electric industry From investors’ perspective‚ the current payout ratio is appropriate to some extent: - FPL’s current payout ration = cash dividend/net income = 461693/248749 = 107.7%. According to the exhibit 9‚ FPL has
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