concern is compared to Krommendijk not the mechanism of monitoring but the mechanism of enforcement. After a state has ratified a human rights treaty‚ what measures ensure that the government will stick to the rule of law? Several domestic and transnational mechanisms have been identified by scholars‚ such as international NGOs by the procedure of naming and shaming (Hafner-Burton‚ EM & Tsutsui‚ K 2005)‚ the national judiciary by prosecuting government actors (Keith 2002; Powell und Staton 2009) and
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as Myanmar)‚ with regards to access‚ usage‚ censorship and the extent to which it has been used for a platform for activism. More specifically I will first consider the Burma Global Action Network‚ which used the internet as a basis for its transnational social movement and secondly‚ the more recent use of Youtube (a video sharing platform with social networking aspects) by a fraction of radical Burmese monks in order to incite a boycott of businesses run by Burmese Muslims and which has resulted
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Journal of Chinese Cinemas Volume 3 Number 2 © 2009 Intellect Ltd Article. English language. doi: 10.1386/jcc.3.2.163/1 Made in China‚ sold in the United States‚ and vice versa - transnational ’Chinese’ cinema between media capitals Yiman Wang University of California‚Santa Cruz Abstract This articleconsiders the reconfigurationof ’Chinese’ cinema in the international media capitals. By analysing the US marketing of Wong Kar Wai’s Chungking Express and Zhang Yimou’s Hero‚ both mediated
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The tea market is affected by price volatility and it is influenced by a number of factors both internal as well as external to the market. The tea industry in India employs approximately 10 million persons. The revenue obtained from the production and export of tea has a direct influence on the GDP of major tea producing countries. The two largest producing countries‚ India and China generate significant revenues that influence the amount of financial resources available to fund the government’s
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Changes in the Marketing Environment and its Implications The word “Marketing” refers to an activity that is strategically concerned with the management of relationship among an organization and environment. Environment could be described as an internal and external condition to an organization. Internal Environment consists of situational factors that are present within the organizational boundaries whereas external environment consists of any factors or conditions that are not under the control
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provides them with the chance to gain a bigger role in the global market‚ by pushing down or at least miminizing the barriers for the accomulation of the transnational capital. Adoption of the main principles of the Free-trade market for example may lead to the flow of international funds including foreign investment and great number of transnational trade contracts. Such economy developement may lead to the growth of the country internal capital. However‚ the distribution of such money is usually unequal
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extent or degree stakeholders should be held responsible for the accident. According to Article 14 of UN Norms‚ transnational corporations and other business enterprises are responsible for the environmental and human health impact of their activities. The commentary of the article states in detail the concrete measures to be taken in this regard. Article 18 asks on transnational corporations and other business enterprises to make reparations for damages done through their failure to meet the
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While these cost savings were effective‚ they were still not enough and P&G then reorganized the company to be a pure Transnational Strategy‚ with more control occurring in the regional centers than ever before and using as little local responsiveness as possible to reach their customers so they could compete on price as much as possible. The benefits of the transnational strategy include: • Cost reduction • Reducing duplication of assets • Creating global brands • Manufacturing in places
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Globalization can be conceived as a process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial organization of social relations and transactions‚ expressed in transcontinental or interregional flows and networks of activity‚ interaction and power (see Held and McGrew‚ et al‚ 1999). It is characterized by four types of change. First‚ it involves a stretching of social‚ political and economic activities across frontiers‚ regions and continents. Second‚ it is marked by the intensification
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globalization has mainly contributed to negative effects in developing countries‚ the gap of wealth inequality has been growing in the developed world as well. In addition to the numerous policies that are affecting these countries negatively‚ transnational companies are capitalizing off the impoverishment of farmers. In fact‚ certain companies are now earning higher profits‚ while farmers are being paid less for their goods than they were in the past (Siva‚ 2000). It is necessary for new structural
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