1642. It added numbers entered with dials and was made to help his father‚ a tax collector. In 1671‚ Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz invented a computer that was built in 1694. It could add‚ and‚ after changing some things around‚ multiply. Leibniz invented a special stepped gear mechanism for introducing the addend digits‚ and this is still being used. The prototypes made by Pascal and Leibniz were not used in many places‚ and considered weird until a little more than a century later‚ when Thomas
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is perfect in every possible world. In other words‚ God‚ in every conceivable world‚ both exists and is perfectly‚ morally good. In the early 18th century‚ Gottfried Leibniz argued that this essential goodness‚ entailed by the fact that He is the greatest conceivable being‚ requires God to create the best of all possible worlds. Leibniz imagines God as considering a variety worlds that He might create. God might create a world in which there is only dead matter and no conscience creatures.
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notation and later computing developments. | 1300 | Ramon Llull invented the Lullian Circle: a notional machine for calculating answers to philosophical questions (in this case‚ to do with Christianity) via logical combinatorics. This idea was taken up by Leibniz centuries later‚ and is thus one of the founding elements in computing and information science | c. 1400 | Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in South India invented the floating point number system. | 1492 | Leonardo da Vinci produced
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lifetime. One of the issues that Voltaire satirizes in Candide is Leibniz’s belief that "if God is rational‚ then everything he does is grounded in reason. God does nothing be caprice." (Voltaire 19)‚ basically Leibniz believed that everything that happens‚ happens for a reason by God. Leibniz described this as "the principle of sufficient reason." Voltaire believed that God had not arranged everything according to an ideal blueprint. He came to a conclusion after some catastrophic events that God
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: Set of tools‚ processes‚ and methodologies (such as coding/programming‚ data communications‚ data conversion‚ storage and retrieval‚ systems analysis and design‚ systems control) and associated equipment employed to collect‚ process‚ and present information. In broad terms‚ IT also includes office automation‚ multimedia‚ and telecommunications AREAS AND USES OF COMPUTER: * EDUCATION Computers are used in schools for teaching Computers are used for mathematical calculation
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The Age of Enlightenment refers to the 18th century in European philosophy‚ and is often thought of as part of a larger period which includes the Age of Reason. The term also more specifically refers to a historical intellectual movement‚ "The Enlightenment." This movement advocated rationality as a means to establish an authoritative system of ethics‚ aesthetics‚ and knowledge. The intellectual leaders of this movement regarded themselves as courageous and elite‚ and regarded their purpose as leading
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Leibniz describes as monad as the basic foundation from which everything else is composed. With monads being very simple‚ Leibniz suggests that a monad is a substance that neither has extension‚ nor shape‚ nor can it be divided. He argues that a monad is one thing with no individual parts. He also contends that monads cannot be changed from anything externally but can only be changed from something internally. He maintains that monads have to have properties because if they didn’t‚ they would not
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Archimedes was among the greatest mathematicians of antiquity. Mathematicians usually cover a breadth of topics within mathematics in their undergraduate education‚ and then proceed to specialize in topics of their own choice at the graduate-level. In some universities‚ a qualifying exam serves to test both the breadth and depth of a student’s understanding of mathematics; the students who pass are permitted to work on a doctoral dissertation. A mathematician is a person with an extensive knowledge of mathematics who
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impacted the current living standard. The grain crop production was far below the average‚ and the livestock quantity also damaged. The agrarian crisis as well as the depletion of livestock had profound effects on European society and economy. (Gottfried‚ 1985) Since the peasant have nowhere to produce‚ the
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In order to understand Leibniz’ writing in this passage‚ one must comprehend the definitions he has set forth in previous sections of his writing. To begin‚ a monad is a similar concept to an atom‚ though the two differ in some respects. Leibniz even references atoms in his first discussions of monads‚ where he says that “monads are the true atoms of nature” (§ 3‚ p. 275). He says that these monads are simple‚ which means they are whole in and of themselves; they do not consist of parts
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