Work Plan for Isolation‚ Purification‚ Identification and Starter Culture Activity of Lactoccocus lactis Submitted by: M.Usman Akram B.S. (Hons.) Dairy Technology mh.usman@hotmail.com Mobile : +923217773736 University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences‚ Ravi Campus Pattoki Lactoccocus lactis Classification: Scientific classification | Kingdom: | Bacteria | Division: | Firmicutes | Class: | Bacilli | Order: | Lactobacillales | Family: | Streptococcaceae | Genus:
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Ch. 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Subchapter – Stoichiometry and Units 1. An element X forms an oxide with the formula X4O10. If 31 g of X combines with 40 g of oxygen‚ what is the identity of X? A. N B. P C. C D. S Correct Answer: B: P Explanation: We can solve for the atomic mass of X to identify it. The amount in g of X for any amount in g of O is given by: Rearranging the above equation and substituting the given mass of X and O‚ we get: Thus‚ the atomic mass of X
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respiratory tract‚ including most species of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus‚ is to inhibit the growth of aerobic organisms through the presence of oxygen and high concentration of tellurite. Reactive oxygen species compounds such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‚ superoxide anion (O2-) and hydroxyl redical (OH-) are natural byproducts of the normal metabolism of oxygen that can be formed by exposure of cells to free-radical generating molecules like metals and metalloids. ROS compounds are generally very
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Learning Objectives: What is evolution and phylogeny? Evolution and microbial phylogeny How do we measure or analyse it? What are the underlying mechanisms? How did it all start? Torsten Thomas t.thomas@unsw.edu.au Learning Objectives: What is evolution and phylogeny? How do we measure or analyse it? What are the underlying mechanisms? How did it all start? Evolution & Phylogeny Evolution: the process by which organisms become distinct from their ancestors. Phylogeny: the
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environment or within the cell exceed cellular antioxidant defenses (Cadenas‚ 1989). Molecular oxygen can easily accept unpaired electrons giving rise to a group of partially reduced species‚ generally termed ROS. The ROS include: superoxide (O2•−)‚ H2O2‚ hydroxyl radical (HO.)‚ peroxyl (ROO.) and alkoxyl (RO.) radicals‚ which may be implicated in the initiation and propagation of free radical chain reactions and are potentially highly deleterious to cells (Riley‚ 1994). Hydrogen peroxide and O2•−
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Enzymes are proteins which serve to reduce the activation energy required for biological reactions (Russell and others 2010). This allows biologically important chemical reactions to occur rapidly enough to allow cells to carry out their life processes (Russell and others 2010). Enzymes are made of one or more polypeptide strands‚ which individually or as an associated complex take on a three-dimensional shape. When properly associated‚ these shapes form the active site and other supporting structures
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Deborah Bell April 17‚ 2012 Chemistry 1212K Lab Synthesis Report Introduction In this Chemistry Lab the main objective is to perform accurate chemical analysis for the quantity of elements and compounds in a sample. There will be a compound made then synthesized. The methods used were acid-base titrations‚ redox titrations‚ gravity filtration‚ and distillation. General conclusions included Procedures Weight of Crucibles 1. The first experiment is Preparation of a Cobalt Amine
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INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON CATALASE ACTIVITY AIM The aim of this experiment is to find out the effect of temperature on catalase or hydrogen peroxide. This will enable us to tell at what temperature hydrogen peroxide is most efficient. This (degradation) reaction will help us determine some of the catalase’s different attributes. HYPOTHESIS In this experiment it would be safe to hypothesise that no activity would take place at 1 to 20 degrees. It would be probable that a
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OXIDATION-REDUCTION TITRATIONS REDOX TITRATION • involves oxidizing agents and reducing agents titrants and analytes • oxidizing agents used as standard solutions: potassium permanganate‚ KMnO4 potassium dichromate‚ K2Cr2O7 iodine‚ I2 ceric sulfate‚ Ce(SO4) 2 potassium iodate‚ KIO3 REDOX TITRATION • reducing agents used as standard solutions: ferrous sulfate‚ FeSO4 oxalic acid‚ H2C2O4 sodium oxalate‚ Na2C2O4 sodium thiosulfate‚ Na2S2O3 titanous chloride
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1. Ozone (O3) in the atmosphere can react with nitric oxide (NO): O3(g) + NO(g) ( NO2(g) + O2(g)‚ with (H( = -199 kJ/mol‚ (S( = -4.1 J/K·mol. Calculate the (G( for this reaction at 25(C. A. 1020 kJ/mol B. -1.22 ( 103 kJ/mol C. 2.00 ( 103 kJ/mol D. -1.42 ( 103 kJ/mol E. -198 kJ/mol 2. For the reaction H2(g) + S(s) ( H2S(g)‚ (H( = -20.2 kJ/mol and (S( = +43.1 J/K·mol. Which of these statements is true? A. The reaction is only spontaneous
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