CHEMICAL PROCESS PRINCIPLES (CEN 1022) Tutorial 3 : Process Variables 1. The specific gravity of gasoline is approximately 0.70. a) Determine the mass (kg) of 50.0 liters of gasoline. b) The mass flowrate of gasoline exiting a refinery tank is 1150kg/min. Estimate the volumetric flow rate in litres/s. 3. How many of the following are found in 15.0kmol of benzene(C6H6)? a) kg C6H6 b) mol C6H6 c) Ib-mol C6H6 d) mol (g-atom) C e) mol H f) g C g) g H h) molecules
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EXPERIMENT 1: Aim: To range the metals copper‚ lead‚ silver and zinc together with hydrogen. Start with the strongest reducing agent. Hypothesis: The nobler a metal is‚ the worse reducing agent. Apparatus/requirements: Sandpaper‚ strips of; zinc‚ lead‚ silver and copper‚ solutions containing aqueous; Zn2+‚ Pb2+‚ Cu2+ and Ag+ ions (0.2 M)‚ hydrochloric acid (5.0 M)‚ emery paper‚ test-tubes. Method: Burnish the three metal strips to get a shiny surface‚ after drop a drop of each of the metal
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spinach using column chromatography. Spinach was dehydrated using ethanol‚ and the pigments were extracted with dichloromethane. The spinach extracts were dried using CaCl2. Then‚ the solid pigments were run through a column using a non-polar solvent‚ hexane. The polar absorbent material in the column separated the different pigments by allowing the least polar molecules to travel through the column faster than the more polar molecules. The different pigment layers were collected‚ dried‚ and their weights
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Chemistry design: Fuel energy lab Research question: What is the energy density of cyclohexane‚ and how does it compare to the energy density of normal hexane? Variables: Independent variable – The independent variable in this experiment will be the type of fuel that will be used. This will be either Hexane or Cyclohexane. Each type will be given to us and labelled so it will be quite simple to control this variable. This cannot be measured using any apparatus so the lab assistant must be entrusted
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Diels-Alder Synthesis of Exo-Norbornene-cis-5‚6-Dicarboxylic Anhydride for Organic Chemistry Laboratory Instruction Kyle Myers and Dr. James Roark University of Nebraska at Kearney‚ Department of Chemistry‚ Kearney‚ NE 68849 Abstract A technique for the Diels-Alder synthesis of endo-norbornene-cis-5‚6dicarboxylic anhydride and its stereoisomer‚ exo-norbornene-cis-5‚6-dicarboxylic anhydride‚ is explained. To prove that each stereoisomer was made in the experiment and to distinguish between the
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added using a powder funnel. The dry silica was transferred into an Erlenmeyer Flask. The column was approximately ½ filled with Hexanes. Hexanes was added to the Erlenmeyer flask filled with dry silica‚ swirled‚ and quantitatively transferred into the column. The stopcock was opened and the Erlenmeyer Flask was placed underneath the column. By using the air-line‚ Hexanes was forced until no bubbles were formed‚ the silica gel was flat‚ and making sure the column was never dry. The column was clamped
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Beverly Abstract: Plant pigments were separated and concentrated from a crude spinach extract through the use of column chromatography and an eluatropic series of hexanes‚ hexane/acetone‚ and methanol. The pigments were analyzed using thin layer chromatography with a 30% ethyl acetate/hexane developing solvent. Introduction: Chromatography is a technique used to separate a mixture of two or more components based on differences in their physical properties. It can be used
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containing salt‚ sand‚ and benzoic acid can be separated using the separate components’ solubility properties (ability to dissolve in water). Because it is known that organic compounds (such as benzoic acid) are very soluble in organic solvents‚ a hexane: ethanol mixture was used to dissolve the acid. Also‚ because it is known that sodium chloride dissolves in water‚ water was used to dissolve the NaCl. Along with separating the components of a heterogeneous mixture‚ the percent recovery of each substance
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of solute between immiscible solvents * IODINE CRYSTALS + WATER + N-HEXANE the N-hexane turned to color violet. The method used to separate that mixture is Extraction. Extraction is the distribution of a solute in two immiscible solvents. The substances that separated are H2O and Iodine crystals with N-hexane. The iodine crystals have a very low solubility in water and it dissolves quickly when it combines with N-hexane and when it mixed. Separation of components with different volatilities
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chromatography. Once the Lycopene is isolated‚ IR spectroscopy will determine its percentage actually obtained by chromatography. Procedure: A massed sample of 1.012g of tomato paste was placed in a 125mL Erlenmeyer flask. To the flask‚ 5mL of 50:50 hexane-acetone was added into the flask. After the 50:50 addition the flask was capped and shaken. After the settling of the sediments‚ the liquid portion was pipetted in a 50mL Erlenmeyer flask. The process of separating the liquid from the solid was
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