Mission Command Analysis: Hamburger Hill As one of the most famous battles of Vietnam‚ the battle of Dong Ap Bia provides a useful case study for the concept of mission command. Infamously known as Hamburger Hill‚ the high casualties and subsequent abandonment of the mountain caused critics to question the decision of military leaders. As with many battles in Vietnam‚ the commander‚ LTC Honeycutt‚ contended with the enemy while attempting to exert control with incomplete information in jungle-covered
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CSEC 630 – Lab Assignment Q1. Which tool or technique from the above list would be most effective for a cryptanalyst to use to decipher a text encrypted with the Caesar cipher‚ and why? Floating frequency is the most effective tool used to decipher a text encrypted with the Caesar cipher. Floating frequency replace one letter of the plaintext with another to produce the cypher text‚ and any particular letter in the plaintext will always‚ in the simplest and most easily breakable of these cyphers
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information. Two implementation techniques can be derived from Cryptography namely transposition and substitution. History of Cryptography The first recorded use of cryptography for correspondence was by the Spartans who (as early as 400 BC) employed a cipher device called a "scytale" to send secret communications between military commanders (Pell‚ 2004). Messages were written down the length of the staff‚ and the papyrus was unwrapped. In order to read the message‚ the papyrus had to be wrapped around
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methods‚ etc.‚ used to translate or interpret secret writings‚ as codes and ciphers‚ for which the key is unknown. Today it is fairly easy with the surplus of complex digital encryption systems that are available to break codes. However‚ during World War II‚ the need for seclusion forced allies and enemies alike to establish their own various forms of encrypted communication. While there are hundreds of different codes and cipher systems in the world‚ there are some universal traits and techniques cryptanalysts
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Columnar Transposition Introduction The Columnar Transposition cipher is very simple and easy to implement cipher. It is a transposition cipher that follows a simple rule for mixing up the characters in the plaintext to form the cipher text. How it works In a columnar transposition‚ the message is written out in rows of a fixed length‚ and then read out again column by column‚ and the columns are chosen in some scrambled order. Both the length of the rows and the permutation of the columns are
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Plain image is converted as Plaintext.The method of disguising plain image in such a way as to hide its substance is called encryption. Encrypting plain image results in unreadable gibberish called cipher image. You use encryption to ensure that information is hidden from anyone for whom it is not cipher image to its original plain image is called decryption. Figure 1.1 illustrates this. Figure 1.1 Encryption and decryption 1.1.1 WHAT IS CRYPTOGRAPHY To enhance the security of the data or image
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A to Z and the plaintext alphabet is mixed up. (c) Use your decryption table from (b) to decrypt the following message. IBXLX JVXIZ SLLDE VAQLL DEVAU QLB Exercise 3 Each of the following messages has been encrypted using a simple substitution cipher. Decrypt them. A Piratical Treasure JNRZR BNIGI BJRGZ IZLQR OTDNJ GRIHT USDKR ZZWLG OIBTM NRGJN IJTZJ LZISJ NRSBL QVRSI ORIQT QDEKJ JNRQW GLOFN IJTZX QLFQL WBIMJ ITQXT HHTBL KUHQL JZKMM LZRNT OBIMI EURLW BLQZJ GKBJT QDIQS LWJNR OLGRI EZJGK
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information was normally written in ciphers – secret methods of writing in code so that enemies cannot decrypt the information. The cipher used by Germany during World War II was a very complex polyalphabetic cipher‚ which was a code that alternated between multiple alphabets to write messages‚ making the message appear to be random letter combinations. The alphabets were switched at random throughout the message‚ thus increasing the difficulty of cracking the cipher. The cipher that the Germans primarily
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Introduction RSA Algorithms RSA stands for Rivest-Shamir-Adleman algorithm was invented on 1977 which is mostly used public-key cryptosystem. It was designed by Ron Rivest‚ Adi Shamir‚ and Leonard Adleman (Milanov 2009). This is the 1st crypto system which used two different keys to encrypt and decrypt the messages. In this cryptosystem it uses public key to encrypt and private key to decrypt the messages. Public key can be shared with everyone but the private key has to be with the person who
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a ciphertext that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people.” In order to understand the data or the message that is being sent‚ the receiver must be able to decrypt the message. Decryption thus refers to the process of converting the message from cipher text into its original format or plaintext whereby the reader would be able to understand the message. Encryption is used to ensure the confidentiality of a message that is being sent is not compromised as in case of the message being intercepted
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