environment in the 1980s. Kaplan and Johnson (1987) identified the failings and obsolescence of existing cost and performance measurement systems‚ which led to the re-examination of traditional cost accounting and management control systems. Conventional financial and management accounting methods have developed primarily as a result of corporate legislation in the 1930s forcing companies to provide externally published financial accounts. Management accounting is primarily focused as a decision making
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POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS POWER OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS - SOURCES • The Companies Act 1956 • Section 179 - General Powers enjoyed by board of directors • Board of directors and Company are co-extensive: directors are entitled to exercise all powers as the a company is authorized to exercise and do • Articles of Association • Board Resolutions • Resolutions in General Meetings • Agreements/Contracts with Company SECTION 179 AND 180 – POWERS IN DETAIL • General Powers Include
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Innovation Innovation is the conversion of new knowledge into new products and services. Innovation is the process of making changes‚ large and small‚ radical and incremental‚ to products‚ processes‚ and services that results in the introduction of something new for the organization that adds value to customers and contributes to the knowledge store of the organization. It is the ability to apply solutions to problems and opportunities to enhance or to enrich people’s lives. Innovation is a process
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Hewlett-Packard: The Flight of the Kittyhawk The HP Kittyhawk case allows students to explore in detail why it is so difficult for established firms to succeed at disruptive technologies. The Kittyhawk team developed a 1.3 inch disk drive: a disruptive technology in every sense. From a project management point of view‚ HP did everything right. They had set up an autonomous project team‚ and gave the project heavy senior management support. The team focused on the emerging personal digital assistant
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Eli Lilly and Company: Innovation in Diabetes Care Eli Lilly and Company has success in produce and sells insulin in the United States in 1923 and in 1995 Eli Lilly has dominated the world insulin market with another company. But Eli Lilly has miss some of its’ opportunity in diabetes care when it trying to sell its’ product to the world. What went wrong with Eli Lilly during that time? Here are few points. First of all‚ Lilly has trying hard to improve their product. But as the case mentions
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are caused by insufficient oversight by company directors.’ Corporate Governance is a complex field that started to develop very quickly this last decade. The collapse of international firms‚ the financial crisis‚ the international scandals‚ the pressure from the governments and non-profit organizations… are all participating factors that make Corporate Governance an important concern of everyday business. Some theories try to put in place “the best way” to solve all the problems that present
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How ICT Tools Can Enhance Human Resources Management Vaughn Felix 8/6/2013 Executive Summary The objective of this essay is to show that Information Communications Technology (ICT) plays a key role in supporting Human Resource Management. This paper examines how ICTs can enhance Human Resources Development Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Departments of the MNRE (Ministry of Natural Resources and the Environment) 4 3. HUMAN RESOURCES
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is to some degree incredibly uncertain. There is no guaranteed way of forecasting future work as there is no guarantee that death rates in the area will remain the same year on year due to various factors e.g. general health in the area‚ local disasters‚ poverty rates etc. For the purpose of this report the focus will not be on the funeral business as a whole but on one area of sales – monumental masonry. The nature of customer demand – volume‚ variety and uncertainty Month on month the
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are changing at an accelerating rate culminating in a high level of uncertainty. As a result‚ the critical success factors are constantly being challenged. This calls for a constant change in competitive strategies[1-3]. Subsequently‚ organizations can no longer afford to adopt a unidirectional or step-by-step approach to strategy development which entails several stages including data collection‚ development of strategic options‚ evaluation‚ selection and implementation. In the face of a high level
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CAR [pic] What Does Capital Adequacy Ratio - CAR Mean? A measure of a bank’s capital. It is expressed as a percentage of a bank’s risk weighted credit exposures. [pic] Also known as "Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR)." [pic] Investopedia explains Capital Adequacy Ratio - CAR This ratio is used to protect depositors and promote the stability and efficiency of financial systems around the world. Two types of capital are measured: tier one capital‚ which can absorb losses
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