COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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Questions Case #5 – Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital 1. Are the four components of Marriott’s financial strategy consistent with its growth objective? 2. How does Marriott use its estimate of its cost of capital? Does this make sense? 3. What is the weighted average cost of capital for Marriott Corporation? a. What risk free rate and risk premium did you use to calculate the cost of equity? b. How did you measure Marriott’s cost of debt? 4. If Marriott used a single corporate
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zero‚ total utility is: A. increasing. B. decreasing. C. zero. D. at its maximum. 5. The principle of diminishing marginal utility says that marginal utility: A. is negative. B. is positive. C. is always falling. D. falls after some point. 6. Given the price‚ the lower the marginal utility of a good: A. the less you are willing to buy of it. B. the more you are willing to buy of it. C. the lower the total utility of that good. D. the more substitutes there are. 7. Demand
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Items to Classify | Standard | Actual | Type of Variance | Labor cost | $10.00 per hr | $9.60 per hour | favorable | Labor usage | 61‚000 hrs | 61‚800 hrs | unfavorable | Fixed cost spending | $400‚000 | $390‚000 | favorable | Fixed cost per unit | $3.20 per unit | $3.16 per unit | favorable | Sales volume | 40‚000 units | 42‚000 | unfavorable | Sales price | $3.60 per unit | $3.63 per unit | unfavorable | Materials cost | $2.90 per pound | $3.00 per pound | unfavorable | Materials
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Cost/Benefit Analysis Evaluating Quantitatively Whether to Follow a Course of Action You may have been intensely creative in generating solutions to a problem‚ and rigorous in your selection of the best one available. However‚ this solution may still not be worth implementing‚ as you may invest a lot of time and money in solving a problem that is not worthy of this effort. Cost Benefit Analysis or CBA is a relatively* simple and widely used technique for deciding whether to make a change. As its
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has a tradition al cost sys tem. It calc ulates a p lant-wide overhead rate by dividing total overhead costs by total direct labor hours. Assume‚ for the calculations below‚ that plant overhead is a committed (fixed) cost during the year‚ but that direct labor is a variable cost. • Calculate the plant-wide overhead rate. Use this rate to assign overhead costs to products and calculate the profitability of the four products. The assignment spreadsheet provides a starting point for your calculations
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Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis‚ EXHIBIT 11-1 Accounting Information and the Decision Process FIVE-STEP SEQUENCE Step 1: Gathering Information AN ILLUSTRATION The current manufacturing line uses 20 employees‚ 15 operating machines‚ and 5 handling materials‚ for a total cost of $640‚000. The rearrangement of the manufacturing assembly line is expected to eliminate materials-handling costs‚ equivalent to $160‚000. The cost of the rearrangement will be $90‚000. Historical
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Cost Behavior Cost behavior is term for describing whether a cost changes when the level of output changes. The cost can vary proportionately with the changes in the level of activity or unaffected by changes in the level of activity. Costs can be variable‚ fixed‚ or mixed. A cost that does not change in total as output changes is a fixed cost. A variable cost‚ on the other hand‚ increases in total with an increase in output and decreases in total with a decrease in output. Understanding how costs
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Cost Leadership: Any organization in order to survive in a highly competitive market should be able to achieve sustainable growth and profitability. Companies that have managed to reduce costs and understand the cost technology can obtain sustainable advantage as a cost leader. In order for any company to become a cost leader is important that the cost technology is understood and the five constituent steps are implemented and followed by the management. The five steps towards obtaining
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2-22 Variable costs and fixed costs. Consolidated Minerals (CM) owns the rights to extract minerals from beach sands on Fraser Island. CM has costs in three areas: a. Payment to a mining subcontractor who charges $80 per ton of beach sand mined and returned to the beach (after being processed on the mainland to extract three minerals: ilmenite‚ rutile‚ and zircon). b. Payment of a government mining and environmental tax of $50 per ton of beach sand mined. c. Payment to a barge operator. This
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