Abstract. That sunk costs are not relevant to rational decision-making is often presented as one of the basic principles of economics. When people are influenced by sunk costs in their decision-making‚ they are said to be committing the “sunk cost fallacy.” Contrary to conventional wisdom‚ we argue that‚ in a broad range of situations‚ it is rational for people to condition behavior on sunk costs‚ because of informational content‚ reputational concerns‚ or financial and time constraints. Once
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ineffective spending around the globe‚ lawmakers looking for cost-saving measures would do well to turn to prisons. Prison reform must attain the lowest economic costs‚ lowering actual taxpayer dollars spent without giving up the benefits of attaining important social goals‚ which represent another form of cost when lost. Undoubtedly‚ the current prison system is doing little to separate the US from its international counterparts in minimizing such cost‚ yet prison privatization has yielded hopeful results
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Case Study: Cost Justified Managers face many challenges in the day to Day operations of their business. Often times some of the greatest challenges come from within their own ranks‚ as superior managers use their position and influence to coerce one to make decisions or commit acts that are sometimes on the boundaries of the law and often cross the ethical line. In the case of “Cost Justified‚” we are introduced to Joe‚ the District
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decreases. This forces families to spend their money on the cheapest products at the grocery store. This is usually the junk food‚ genetically engineered food‚ and food with words on the label that no one even knows what they mean. Thousands of companies everyday are finding ways to cut the cost of producing food. This includes changing the genetic makeup of food‚ adding preservatives and unhealthy chemicals‚ and feeding animals chemically engineered food to speed up their growth. All of these chemicals
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venture into this market. Perfection of mobility factors of production Factors of production are free to move from one firm to another firm to gain good returns. The differences prices of factors of production will move until equilibrium points occurs. Firms are price taker Firms have no control over the price of products that they sell. There is too much competition from other firms‚ which sell homogeneous products. Perfect knowledge of the market All sellers and buyers
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A major reason for this is the cost to regulate the southern border. The border fence mostly built in 2005 runs for hundreds of miles‚ topping off at 18 feet tall at certain points. It has been developed over 2 decades‚ starting only 4‚000 border patrol agents‚ and growing to have 18‚500 total agents (“All About Immigration”) Supporters argue that the cost of building this border and pay for its ever growing agent population is not worth the cost‚ and that by granting a path to citizenship
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College has helped many people make money and be successful‚ but is it really worth the cost? Post secondary school is a great way to excel in life and in the workplace‚ but not all people want or need to go to college. Accordingly‚ college is not worth the money because it can stress out post high school graduates‚ it can cause the students’ family to go into debt and it doesn’t help those who are undecided about a career. These reasons may cause people doubt on whether college is worth the money
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Answers to Warm-Up Exercises E9-1. Answer: Weighted average cost of capital N 10‚ PV $20‚000 (1 0.02) $19‚600‚ PMT Solve for I 8.30% 0.08 $20‚000 $1‚600‚ FV $20‚000 E9-2. Cost of preferred stock Answer: The cost of preferred stock is the ratio of the preferred stock dividend to the firm’s net proceeds from the sale of the preferred stock. rp Dp Np rp (0.15 $35) ($35 $3) rp $5.25 $32 16.4% E9-3. Cost of common stock equity Answer: The cost of common stock equity can be found by dividing the dividend
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Define cost object and give three examples Cost object is defined as “Anything for which a separate measurement of cost is desired”. The term cost object and cost objective is synonymous. Cost object may refer to a process‚ a cost centre‚ and cost units. Cost unit is a quantitative unit of product or service in relation to which cost are ascertained. Cost centre is a location‚ function or item of equipment in respect of which cost are ascertained. 2. Define cost accumulation
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3346A COST ACCOUNTING Solution Fall 2010 Midterm Examination STUDENT NAME: _________________________________________________ STUDENT NUMBER: ________________________________________________ 90 minutes INSTRUCTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Books and notes are not permitted‚ except language dictionaries. Non programmable calculators are permitted. Put all answers in the question booklet Questions concerning possible errors in the exam only will be answered. Questions Max Points Question
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