Pengurusan dapat didefinisikan sebagai satu proses perancangan‚ penyusunan‚ pengarahan dan pengawalan dalam sebuah organisasi bagi mencapai misi serta visi yang telah ditetapkan. Mengikut AhmadAtory(1996)‚ Istilah pengurusan telah merujuk kepada satu set yang telah direka bentuk bagi meninggikan dan mengarahkan kerja-kerja dan tugasan yang telah ditentukan.Istilah strategik pula berasal dari bahasa Greek Strategos yang boleh diertikan sebagai " Fungsi Seorang Jeneral’ (zainal Abidin 2008). Perancangan
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1. Introduction to Strategic Planning If you don ’t know where your business is going‚ any road will get you there. What is a Strategic Plan? Entrepreneurs and business managers are often so preoccupied with immediate issues that they lose sight of their ultimate objectives. That ’s why a business review or preparation of a strategic plan is a virtual necessity. This may not be a recipe for success‚ but without it a business is much more likely to fail. A sound plan should: Serve as a framework
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prerequisite for creating competitive advantage. Discuss‚ with references to theory and real world organization of your choice”. Strategic management is a multi faced and vast area of study with many theorists presenting differing views as to what is crucial to the successful formulation of strategy. This essay will present an explanation of the internal capacity of leveraging resources and competences and show how they are creating competitive advantage. This will be illustrated through the identification
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Cost Control of Projects: An Introduction to Earned Value Analysis Abstract Earned value analysis is a method of performance measurement. Many project managers manage their project performance by comparing planned to actual results. With this method‚ one could easily be on time but overspend according to the plan. A better method is earned value because it integrates cost‚ schedule and scope and can be used to forecast future performance and project completion dates. It is an “early warning”
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strategy involves working in an industry and striving to make more money‚ usually by retaining customers and gaining new customers from competitors. To gain customers from competitors‚ business need to seem as though they have better quality and higher value. This is where marketing strategy comes in‚ using research in consumer behavior to identify needs and produce messages that tell consumers how the business’s product is better than competitors. Types of Corporate Competitive Strategy In a low-cost
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Strategic management Definition of strategic management Strategic management is defines as the set of decision and action resulting in formulation and implementation of strategies designed to achieve the objective of an organization. It involves attention to following nine critical areas: 1. Determining the mission of the company‚ including broad statement about its purpose‚ philosophy and goals. 2. Developing a company profile that reflects internal condition of both capabilities. 3. Assessment
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Strategic Management Journal‚ Vol. 13‚ 17-37 (1992) STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING KATHLEEN M. EISENHARDT and MARK J. ZBARACKI Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management‚ Stanford University‚ Stanford‚ California‚ U.S.A. This article reviews the strategic decision making literature by focusing on the dominant paradigms—i.e.‚ rationality and bounded rationality‚ politics and power‚ and garbage can. We review the theory and key empirical support‚ and identify emergent debates
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Chapter 14-The Uneasy Peace Section 1-The Cold War Begins An Iron Curtain Starts to Fall 1. US/USSR did not trust each other An Uneasy Alliance 1. US‚ Britain‚ USSR + 3 other nations=Grand Alliance during WWII 2. Old hatreds in many nations 3. USSR a. Resented fact that US‚ French‚ British supported whites b. US refused to recognize USSR until 1933 c. Soviet propaganda=fear of American capitalism with divisions between rich/poor and swings from prosperity
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Apple Inc. – IBM – Motorola Strategic Alliance also known as AIM… Content: 1. Strategic Alliance 2. AIM Strategic Alliance 3. Taligent and Kaleida Labs. - Joint Venture Companies 4. Accomplishments 5. Product : PowerPC development 6. AIM’s End 7. Glossary 1. Strategic Alliance A Strategic Alliance is a formal relationship between two or more parties to pursue a set of goals or to meet a critical business need while remaining independent organizations. Partners may
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Strategic Thinking and Strategic Leadership Abstract The purpose of the study is to evaluate and discuss the concepts of strategic thinking and strategic leadership to gain competitive advantage for organizations. For this‚ every aspect related to strategy is discussed. The study starts with introducing the concept of strategy‚ strategic thinking‚ strategy analysis‚ strategic leadership‚ strategic implementation and learning organization. Thus‚ the challenge to managers is to decide on strategies
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