discovery of the Americas in 1492 until the end of the French Revolution in 1799. We will be investigating two streams of thought in this period. First‚ we will look at Early Modern metaphysics and epistemology‚ focusing on Descartes‚ Locke‚ Berkeley‚ and Hume. And second‚ we will examine the political theory emerging at the time‚ particularly in the writings of Hobbes‚ Locke‚ and Rousseau. TEXTS The following editions are recommended‚ though public domain editions can be found online: Descartes‚ Meditations
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‘A Belief in Miracles Leads to the Concept of a God Who Favours Some but Not All of His Creation’ – Discuss The word miracles can be defined in a variety of ways. Some may consider it to be a sign of God’s presence within the world and his dynamic power‚ with other believing that a miracle is an event that lacks an explanation‚ whilst others can believe a miracle simply breaks the laws of nature. This therefore leads onto the constant questioning of if God does perform miracles and they are not a
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The Teleological Argument‚ God’s Attributes‚ and Miracles: A Compounded Contradiction Introduction Some theists of the Abrahamic persuasion claim that the harmony of the universe is proof of an intelligent designer. This argument is known as the teleological argument and has evolved from classical philosophy to modern theology. In addition‚ subscribers of the Abrahamic religions also hold that God has attributes that include omniscience‚ omnipotence‚ and benevolence. Fundamentally‚ God is all knowing
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If‚ on the other hand‚ a judgment carries with it strict and absolute universality‚ that is‚ admits of no possible exception” it is not derived from experience‚ but is valid absolutely a priori”. David Hume’s Skeptical Doubts: Humes’ philosophy was quite interesting he doubts all that we have been taught his states “The contrary of every matter of fact is still possible‚ because it can never imply a contradiction and is conceived by the mind with the same facility and distinctness
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race has a mother. In saying this he means that just because things in the universe have causes does not signify that the universe itself has a cause. “I should say that the universe is just there‚ and that’s all” he commented. More over‚ David Hume questioned the fact that we have no experience of the universe being made so we therefore cannot come to the assumption that everything we observe has a cause. He believed this was a too big a leap in logic. Even though many people seem to criticise
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Empiricism is the belief that knowledge is gained through experience. Empiricism was a way for philosophers to answer the question of skepticism. Both John Locke and George Berkeley believed the theory of empiricism to a certain extent. Locke believed our knowledge is not inherited but came from our senses and our senses could be split into two group: primary and secondary qualities. The main disagreement Berkeley had with Locke was his view concerning primary and secondary qualities. Berkeley was
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position by reference to the explicit questions below. For example you could simply detail one of the arguments for God’s existence and an explicit line of critique: e.g Paley’s teleological argument and the problem of evil as presented either by Hume or Dostoevsky) Or you can make the major point of emphasis a critique of one of the arguments. (E.g. Rachels critique of Rand’s ethical egoism…as noted‚ that would require an elaboration of Rand’s view as well.) A distinct option would be that you
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proved by pre - established harmony. necessary truths: always true can’t be wrong‚ Action at a Distance Motion in a plenum Principle of sufficient Reason there are an infinity of possible worlds God chose this‚ so it must be the best Hume • Experience alone is sufficient for knowledge of universal necessary truth • Two kinds of perceptions o Impressions(more likely‚ intense) o Ideas(less vivid copies) • Differ only by degree of force &vivacity • Related by the Copy Principle(
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In this paper I will provide both sides of cognitivism and non-cognitivism and argue that non-cognitivism is superior to cognitivism and that it is also more believable. I will first explain cognitivism and non-cognitivism and break them down into smaller sections and describe the arguments for and against both. Next‚ I will go over the points on which cognitivism and non-cognitivism agree and disagree upon. Then‚ I will go over some positive and negative arguments that go along with cognitivism
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Hume- Impressions = experiences perception of self. Many people have presupposed perceptions of self. Many consider Hume to be archaic. 17th century worldview presupposes science and science’s worldview of understanding nature. Wood has a view of nature as mechanistic‚ Hume shares Wood’s view. With Hume it’s presupposed. People often jump to Wood’s presuppositions without questioning his initial reasoning. Science is essentially mathematics applied to nature. Ledger Wood says everything is
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