The Solution to the Earths’ Energy Conservation Problem Gas prices have hit $6.00 a gallon! That is a scary thought‚ but reality is if we don’t start conserving our energy sources now‚ that is exactly what we will get gas for $6.00 a gallon or maybe even more. In today’s society we are only worried about the here‚ and the now. We all need to start thinking long term and come up with ideas for preserving our future. In the United States the industries use up about forty two percent of the nation’s
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plant and animal matter to be put to use by microorganisms. Some microorganisms have a naturally occurring‚ microbial catabolic diversity to degrade‚ transform or accumulate a huge range of compounds including hydrocarbons (e.g. oil)‚ polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)‚ polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)‚ pharmaceutical substances‚ radionuclides and metals. Major methodological breakthroughs in microbial biodegradation have enabled detailed genomic‚ metagenomic‚ proteomic‚ bio-informatic and other high-throughput
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DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN ADVANCED CHEMISTRY IV- Euler LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson‚ students are expected to: Write the IUPAC name of certain alcohol compounds; SUBJECT MATTER Topic: Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid References: General‚ Organic and Biochemistry by Denniston‚ Topping and Caret. Page 283-289. Fundamentals of General‚ Organic and Biochemistry by John R. Holum. Page 418-425. Materials: Ball and stick model of compounds Overhead projector Textbooks Pictures of certain
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structures of haloalkanes and haloarenes with various types of reactions. (iv) Use stereochemistry as a tool for understanding the reaction mechanism. (v) Describe common polyhalogen compounds. INTRODUCTION The replacement of hydrogen atom(s) in a hydrocarbon‚ aliphatic or aromatic‚ by halogen atom(s) results in the formation of alkyl halide (haloalkane) and aryl halide (haloarene)‚ respectively. Many halogen containing organic compounds occur in nature and some of these are clinically useful. These
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Introduction A non-renewable resource is a natural resource which cannot be produced‚ grown‚ generated‚ or used on a scale which can sustain its consumption rate‚ once depleted there is no more available for future needs. Also considered non-renewable are resources that are consumed much faster than nature can create them. Fossil fuels (such as coal‚ petroleum‚ and natural gas)‚ types of nuclear power (uranium) and certain aquifers are examples. Natural resources such as coal‚ petroleum‚ oil and natural
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Petroleum distillates are hydrocarbon solvents produced from crude oil. Examples of these solvents include‚ mineral spirits‚ kerosene‚ white spirits‚ naphtha‚ and Stoddard solvent. In addition to being a solvent petroleum distillates “are good for removal of heavy oil and grease‚ tar
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dissolve both soap and salts (like NaCl). Many soaps are sodium salts that partially ionize in water and if you saturate the solution with salt‚ the salt will remain dissolved because it is more soluble and the soap will precipitate out because of the hydrocarbon chains. Experiment 31: 2. Sodium carbonate is used because it is basic and is able to deprotonate the compound in the mixture‚ but it is not so reactive as a base like NaOH that it will create a basic mixture. Excess sodium bicarbonate is also
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made from natural and renewable resources. It can be manufactured from algae‚ vegetable oils‚ animal fats‚ or recycled restaurant greases. Fresh soybean oil is most commonly used. In general they are made from fats and oils‚ which are hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons are filtered and mixed with an alcohol‚ such as methanol‚ and a catalyst‚ resulting in a chemical reaction whose major products are biodiesel fuel and glycerol. Biodiesel fuel is light to dark yellow in color as a liquid. It’s insoluble
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UNIVERSITY OF THE GAMBIA LECTURE NOTES COURSE: PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY II (ORGANIC CHEMISTRY) CODE: CHM 161 2ND SEMESTER SESSION: 2012/2013 LECTURER: ANTHONY F. ADJIVON UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry started as the chemistry of life‚ when that was thought to be different from the chemistry in the laboratory. Then it became the chemistry of carbon compounds‚ especially those found in coal. Now it is both. It is the chemistry of the compounds of carbon along with other elements
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Chapter 3 Molecules of Life I. Carbon 1. 6 electrons- (4 valence) has the ability to bond with 4 other elements 2. Hydrocarbons- (contains only C & H) 3. Asymmetric carbon- attached to 4 different atoms or groups of atoms II. Isomers - Compounds having the same molecular formula but different structure and properties 1. Structural- differ in covalent arrangement of their atoms and may differ in location of double bonds 2. Geometric- same structure different arrangement 3. Enantiomer/stereoisomer
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