development goals that were officially established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000‚ following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration. All 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve these goals by the year 2015. The goals are: 1. eradicating extreme poverty and hunger‚ 2. achieving universal primary education‚ 3. promoting gender equality and empowering women 4. reducing child mortality rates
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effects on GDP‚ inflation and public sector borrowing on any single national economy of: a) cut in public spending b) an increase in the rate of VAT (sales tax) c) a slowdown in the GDP growth of less developed economies. (Make sure that you include clear and appropriate diagrams for this question) According to Begg and Ward (2009) fiscal policy is the government’s decisions regarding taxation and spending to influence level of demand for goods and services. Cut in public
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2 Expansionary policy is a macroeconomic policy that seeks to expand the money supply to encourage economic growth or combat inflation. One form of expansionary policy is fiscal policy‚ which comes in the form of tax cuts‚ rebates and increased government spending. Expansionary policies can also come from central banks‚ which focus on increasing the money supply in the economy. The U.S. Federal Reserve employs expansionary
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synonymous with National income. Concepts of National Income There are different concepts of National Income‚ namely; GNP‚ GDP‚ NNP‚ Personal Income and Disposable Income. Gross National Product (GNP) GNP at market price is sum total of all the goods and services produced in a country during a year and net income from abroad. GNP is the sum of Gross Domestic Product at Market Price and Net Factor Income from abroad. GDP at market price + Net Factor Income from Abroad = GNP at market price While
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1Problem Set 5 Complete all questions listed below. Clearly label your answers. 1. What impact will an unanticipated increase in the money supply have on the real interest rate‚ real output‚ and employment in the short run? How will expansionary monetary policy affect these factors in the long run? Explain. “In the short run‚ shifts in monetary policy exert an impact on real output and employment. A shift to a more restrictive policy will tend to reduce real output and employment‚ while
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How Macroeconomics affects business Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that explores trends in the national economy as a whole considering the study of the sum of individual economic factors. Macroeconomics considers the larger picture‚ and an understanding of how do business operates is crucial to understand macroeconomics. Macroeconomics is intertwined with business because business is affected by the factors that constitute macroeconomics. Circular-flow diagram: a visual model of the economy
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Production Possibilities Curve Unit 1 : Macroeconomics National Council on Economic Education http://apeconomics.ncee.net Production Possibilities Curve Constant Opportunity Cost Decreasing Opportunity Cost Unit 1 : Macroeconomics National Council on Economic Education http://apeconomics.ncee.net Absolute Advantage and Comparative Advantage • ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE One individual or nation can produce more output with the same resources as another individual or nation. • COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
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and Real GDP rise from one year to the next? c. Calculate the rate of inflation between 2005 and 2006? Answer: a. Year 2005 2006 Nominal GDP $200 $600 Real GDP 200 400 GDP Deflator 100 150 b. Percentage change in Nominal GDP(2005-6) = 600-200 x 100 = 200% 200 Percentage change in Real GDP(2005-6) = 400-200 x 100= 100% 200 c. Rate of Inflation (2005-2006)= 150-100 x 100 = 50% 100 2. Why is it desirable for
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unemployment. I will be discussing unemployment in two parts- short run and long run and evaluating the effectiveness of demand and supply management policies that combat unemployment for each. First of all‚ ‘the unemployment rate measures the fraction of the workforce that is out of work and looking for a job or expecting to recall from a layoff’. Even though unemployment is always being measured‚ it is believed that official unemployment differs from real unemployment. Official unemployment is presented
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Is deflation a bad thing? This is a very popular question for many reasons. You may look at the question and think‚ if deflation is lowering prices how could that possibly be a bad thing. Everybody would love prices to drop‚ and for many people that do not understand economics‚ they would think deflation would be beneficial. When in reality deflation happens to affect a lot more than just the prices of goods. Deflation has effects on both the demand and the supply of goods. And it doesn’t only affect
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