In the current age people‚ all over the word are indulging in their own personal pleasures. Some of which may be physical and others may involve more of a mental aspect. In 1861 philosopher John Stuart Mill published “Utilitarianism”‚ and in this piece Mill introduces his idea of higher and lower pleasure. He states that people require mental pleasure over physical pleasure. In his work‚ he defends his stance‚ but in the end his views are not justifiable. Pleasure is based off desire‚ and individuals
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Compare and contrast Plato and Aristotle on well-being. Well-Being: The state of being healthy happy or prosperous. It seems obvious to suggest that the goal we all are aiming at is total happiness; total success and fulfillment. In the Nichomachean ethics‚ Aristotles’ main aim is to provide a description of what this so-called happiness actually is‚ and how we can go about our day to day lives in order to achieve the best life that we possibly can. He begins book one with what philosophers
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The establishment of a “moral code” and whether responsibility for its creation lies with the government or the citizens has been a topic of research for a number of years. The establishment of this code in Ancient Greece seems to have primarily been the responsibility of the government itself‚ but sometimes potentially through the citizens‚ who were essentially required to have a certain ability to contribute to the decision-making process‚ as some were often elected at random. It also appears to
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Assisted suicide "To authorize one’s self to take one’s own life‚ is to attempt to withdraw from all obligation" (Immanuel Kant). A widely accepted view in the ethical world where many agree‚ as do I‚ but with the topic of assisted suicide it cannot be measured with the same absoluteness to Kant’s law. The End of Life Option Act‚ recently signed into law in California‚ challenges Kant’s views on suicide because it allows physicians to write lethal prescriptions for terminally ill patients‚ although
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making the revolter an outcast. John Mill was a strong proponent of individualism‚ stressed the importance of an eccentric life and believed that unique people are necessary for prosperity. “Human nature is not a machine to be built as a model‚ and set to do exactly the work prescribed for it‚ but a tree‚ which requires growth and development” (On Liberty‚ 105). Mill describes in On Liberty that
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Prompt 1 Two criticisms of utilitarianism influence Mill towards rule-utilitarianism. The first criticism involves objectors viewing this philosophy as encouraging society to do what is expedient for the moment (22). The second objection proposes “that there is not time‚ previous to action‚ for calculating and weighing the effects of any line of conduct on the general happiness” (23). Mill argues both of these objections by taking rule-utilitarianism into consideration. Rule- utilitarianism states
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Contemporary Thinkers: Plato‚ Aristotle‚ Augustine‚ Aguinas Question #1 : Please discuss the political organization of the Greek city- states‚ particularly Athenian democracy at the time of Pericles‚ Plato‚ and Aristotle. Also discuss the backgrounds of Socrates‚ Plato and Aristotle and the fate of the Greek city-states historically. During the time of Pericles‚ Plato‚ and Aristotle‚ Greece was divided into city-states with a wide variety of constitutions‚ ranging from Sparta ’s military dictatorship
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Duty-based ethics commonly known as Deontology is an ethical theory that uses rules to distinguish right from wrong. As a deontologist you focus more on the action in itself disregarding the consequences it produces. Immanuel kant the founder deontology‚ was a german philosopher who believed that morality and religion should be kept apart‚ therefore he created the philosophical concept “categorical imperative” or “CI”. Categorical imperative is a moral law‚ which must be followed and is not be violated
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At the pre-conventional stage (most 9-year-olds and more youthful‚ a few over 9)‚ we don’t have a personal code of morality. As an alternative‚ our ethical code is fashioned by the requirements of adults and the results of following or breaking their policies. Authority is outdoor the man or woman and reasoning is primarily based on the physical results of moves and this contains two types of stages in it. Stage one is Punishment and obedience orientation. This is when a person is punished which
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Superheroes’ actions oppose the utilitarianism of John Stuart and Jeremy Bentham‚ which indicates that it is best to act to maximize welfare. However‚ their actions support the view of Immanuel Kant. Kant states that welfare gains cannot give grounds for horrible actions like killing. The writers say that superheroes focus in within-group conflict‚ while war heroes concentrate in between-group conflict. Superheroes are crime fighters who are famous for their morals‚ while war heroes are known for their number
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