Lesson-13 Elements of Cost and Cost Sheet Learning Objectives • • • To understand the elements of cost To classify overheads on different bases To prepare a cost sheet Elements of Cost Raw materials are converted into finished products by a manufacturing concern with the help of labor‚ plants etc. The elements that constitute the cost of manufacturing are known as elements of cost. The elements of cost include the following: • • • Material Labor Expenses Each of these elements is again subdivided
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I) AUDITING 5) 1 (a) Explain how would you vouch Scrap Sales 1 (b) How would you verify Book Debts /Debtors-1‚11‚21‚31‚41‚51‚61‚71‚81‚91 301‚291‚281‚271‚261‚251 2 (a) Explain how would you vouch Sale on Approval/Sale on Consignment 2 (b) How would you verify Stocks-101‚111‚121‚131‚141‚151‚161‚10‚20‚30 241‚231‚221‚211‚201‚191‚181‚171 3 (a) Explain how would you vouch Sales return/Purchase return 3 (b) How would you verify Patterns‚ Dies Loose Tools and spare
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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are three main factors to successful addiction recovery. Those factors are accountability‚ education‚ and a desire for change. Accountability is the reason why rehabilitation centers and therapy groups are so common and successful. Holding the addict responsible for their behavior forces them to acknowledge the behavior. Education does not necessarily mean mathematics or literature. While this is important in the recovery of teenage addicts‚ the most important education
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Sales Presentation Our product is known as Sharon’s Lollies (lollipops). We have a variety of different lollipops all with their own multitude of flavors. Our prospecting methods are cold calling‚ direct mail‚ & using our business website. Sharon’s Lollies is the only lollipop manufacturing/distributing company in American Samoa. It is fairly new and very promising. This sales call is an initial sales call to try and start multiple business relationships with different retailers and wholesalers
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ADM 3301 Sample Mid-term Exam Duration: 2.5 hours Student name:_______________________ Student No.__________________ INSTRUCTIONS: 1- Write down the exam copy number (that exists at the top right corner of this page) on the identification white card next to your name. 2- Verify that your exam has 9 pages (including this title page). 3- Answer all questions on your examination copy. Use the opposite (blank) side‚ if necessary. Answers or calculations written on the sheet
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Sales Promotion Strategy Sales are the lifeblood of a business‚ without sales there would be no business in the first place; therefore it is very important that if a business wants to succeed‚ it should have a sales promotion strategy in mind. The primary objective of a sales promotion is to improve a company’s sales by predicting and modifying your target customer’s purchasing behavior and patterns. Sales promotion is very important as it not only helps to boost sales but it also helps a business
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Quiz 2 1) Cost-volume-profit analysis is used primarily by management: A) as a planning tool B) for control purposes C) to prepare external financial statements D) to attain accurate financial results Answer: A Diff: 1 Terms: cost-volume-profit (CVP) Objective: 1 AACSB: Communication 2) One of the first steps to take when using CVP analysis to help make decisions is: A) finding out where the total costs line intersects with the total revenues line on a graph. B) identifying which costs are variable
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allocation process. It can be calculated by two main methods‚ each reflecting in a distinct prospect in the way the asset is used. Depreciation is to be treated as an estimated expense that does not set aside cash for the replacement of a non-current asset. In determining the cost of acquisition of the lathes‚ any capital expenditure made must be added to the purchase price of the lathes. This amount will be considered as the historical cost and will be used in calculating the depreciation expense
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| Spontaneous Recovery | Reflections of a Smoker | | Guadalupe Victoria Herry | 2/8/2011 | Reference Page Schacter‚ Daniel L; Gilbert‚ Daniel T; Wegner‚ Daniel M. (Psychology) pages 210-211; 216 | Spontaneous Recovery Reflections of a Smoker Definition: Spontaneous Recovery is the tendency of a learned behavior to recover from the extinction after a rest period. (Schacter‚ Gilbert‚ Wegner 2009). In order to better understand this definition I had to do more reading on
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