Motivation Why is the study of different theories of motivation important to managers? (References provided as numbers wherever needed and referenced at the end of the essay) Introduction A couple of decades ago‚ the topic of motivation were just another term in the books of managers trying to implement behavioural techniques on their employees. Give perks‚ give monetary benefits‚ performance rewards and employees are bound to be motivated – as simple as that. But gradually as the years passed
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Robert Malthus FRS (13 February 1766 – 23 December 1834[1]) was a British cleric and scholar‚ influential in the fields of political economy and demography.[2] Malthus himself used only his middle name Robert.[3] Malthus became widely known for his theories about change in population. His An Essay on the Principle of Population observed that sooner or later population will be checked by famine and disease. He wrote in opposition to the popular view in 18th-century Europe that saw society as improving
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MOTIVATION THEORY AND PRACTICE 1.0 Equity Theory The equity theory was proposed initially by Adams (1963). The focus of the theory has been to understand the motivational aspect of employees. The equity theory is based on the distributive justice principles promulgated to take care of social justice by balancing the economical disadvantages that existed in that period. It focuses on the need for fairness and justice as related to several human behaviors especially used by administrators
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Modern Theory- “Management is an art of getting things done through people.” The modern organizational theory is regarded as recent development in management theory. They represent integrative approach to management. There is no one best way of doing things under all conditions. Methods and techniques which are highly effective in one situation may not work in other situations. Situation plays an important role in application of management function. Functions are universal but their application
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“Theory X and Theory Y” of Douglas McGregor : McGregor‚ in his book “The Human side of Enterprise” states that people inside the organization can be managed in two ways. The first is basically negative‚ which falls under the category X and the other is basically positive‚ which falls under the category Y. After viewing the way in which the manager dealt with employees‚ McGregor concluded that a manager’s view of the nature of human beings is based on a certain grouping of assumptions and that he
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INTRODUCTION Criminological theories have rarely been concerned with the analysis of female criminality. Typically criminologists have either been content to subsume discussion of women offenders under ‘general’ theories‚ that is to say they have implicitly assumed the female is dealt with in discussing the male‚ or they have dealt with them exceptionally briefly in the way that other ‘marginal’ or ‘special’ categories are treated. The reason offered for this overwhelming lack of interest is that
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Theory Z Theory Z is an approach to management that advocates matching the organization’s culture to that of the larger society and assumes that involved workers are the key to increased productivity. In other words‚ the values of certain cultures affect the way the employees work‚ and therefore‚ those values should be taken into concideration when managing employees of a certain business. Another part of the theory is that‚ theory Z workers can be trusted to do their jobs to their utmost ability
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Attribution theory is the study of various models that attempt to explain those processes.[1] Psychological research into attribution began with the work of Fritz Heider in the early part of the 20th century‚ subsequently developed by others such as Harold Kelley and Bernard Weiner. Contents 1 Background 2 Types 2.1 Explanatory attribution 2.2 Interpersonal attribution 3 Theories 3.1 Common sense psychology 3.2 Correspondent inference theory
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Organizational Theory – an introduction Carl Borge-Andersen‚ Norwegian School of Management‚ Oslo Introduction This is article‚ section‚ 1 presents an overview of Organizational theory. Definition of an Organization ” An organization is a social system that is consciously constructed to achieve specific goals”.[1] The term social system reflects the notion that there are groups of individuals working together. Management organizes the group(s) which‚ will cooperate in reaching the
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Linh Truong Alisha Wallace Nicole Ibrahim June 27‚ 2010 MGMT440‚ Summer 2011 Ethical Approach to Reducing Taylor Studio‚ Inc.’s Payroll Cost Taylor Studios‚ Inc.‚ a corporation in which we are the sole shareholder‚ has been facing some tough economic times. Recently the corporation’s accountant has advised us‚ the sole shareholders of the company were having a hard time keeping up with their expenses. The accountant has asked that we develop a plan
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