IMPORTANT AssET: BRAND EQUITY by David A. Aaker hat is going on in branding? • Gatorade‚ like many strong brands throughout the world‚ is facing the specter of major competitors entering their market and price erosion. They wonder how to respond without damaging their equity. • 3M decided that their branding was getting out of control‚ so they developed a committee of the top executive vice presidents in the company to approve all new brand names. They went from 90 new brand names in one
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Introduction Starbucks is the premier roaster‚ marketer and retailer of specialty coffee in the world. The first Starbucks store was opened in Seattle in 1971. The current CEO‚ Howard Schultz‚ joined the company in 1982 and decided bringing the Italian coffee-drinking culture to the United States. In 1992‚ the company went public. In 1996‚ with the home market becoming increasingly saturated‚ Starbucks opened the first outlet in the Far East. Ever since‚ the company has pursued a relentless international
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year. In addition‚ ZARA has more designers than competitors in order to create sophisticated and attractive products. b. Production ZARA prepares very limited volumes of new items to analyze customer’s reaction‚ lowering failure rates‚ approximately 1%‚ on new products. c. Marketing and Sales Central distribution centers control all of merchandise and ship twice a week to each retail store‚ which gives customer impressions of freshness of ZARA’s offering. In addition‚ ZARA limits production runs
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efficiency? We think H&M’s financial results are the most interesting one to compare with Inditex’s. H&M is the most important and largest competitor of Inditex and due to their similar background‚ both being large international European apparel brands and offers fashionable clothing with in season style. We have notice and quoted from Exhibit 6‚ their net operating revenues‚ aka their sales‚ are more alike when compared to Gap and Benetton; and their net incomes are also similar. The negative
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3.1 HISTORY and BACKGROUND ZARA is the flagship chain store for the Spanish Inditex Group owned by Amancio Ortega‚ who also brands such as Massimo Dutti and Bershka. It was first open in 1975 in La Coruna‚ Galicia‚ Spain. Originally a lingerie store‚ then the product range expanded to incorporate women’s fashion‚ menswear and children’s clothes (5). The international adventure began in 1988‚ opened its first foreign store in Oporto‚ Portugal. The market growth remained mysterious and it kept growing
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INTERNATIONALISATION OF THE SPANISH FASHION BRAND ZARA Carmen Lopez Ying Fan Brunel Business School Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management (2009)‚ 13:2‚ 279-296 INTRODUCTION Zara is one of the world’s most successful fashion retailers operating in 59 countries. However‚ there is little research about the firm in English as the majority of publications have been written in Spanish. This paper seeks to address this gap in the literature by examining the internationalisation process of Zara. This study
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Table of Content Introduction 1 1. The Beginning of Deutsche Bank 1 2. Reconstruction Due to First And Second World War 4 3. Internationalization 4 4. Becoming a Global Player 5 5. Conclusion .6 Introduction Deutsche Bank‚ an international universal bank‚ was internationally active a short time after its foundation. The bank’s early decades were a period of rapid expansion. With its growth Deutsche Bank seemed to be unstoppable. But with the beginning of the First and Second World
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First of all‚ Inditex tries to tackle cannibalization by differentiating the brands mainly through the product‚ target markets (customer groups and countries)‚ store presentation and retail image. And in 2008‚ the percentage of the growth in sales compared to 2007 is 9%‚ it means that Zara has been successful by meeting the ‘risk of cannibalization’. Compare with the other competitors‚ Inditex has some advantages. For example‚ the first one is the repeat visits. An average high-street store in
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H.C. (1997)‚ Korean Management: Global Strategy and Cultural Transformation‚ Walter de Gruyter‚ Inc.‚ New York‚ NY. Dickerson‚ K. (1999)‚ Textiles and Apparel in the Global Economy‚ 3rd ed.‚ Prentice-Hall‚ New York‚ NY. Fashion View (2001)‚ “Big changes in apparel market”‚ Fashion View‚ Vol. 1-6‚ January‚ pp. 1-6 (in Korean). Financial News (2001)‚ “Apparel industry expanding to Chinese market”‚ Financial News‚ 27 November (in Korean)‚ available at: http://www.fnnews.com/html/fnview/2001/1127/ 091850249115111100
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The internationalisation process of the firm - a case study Tomas Sylverberg - - Avdelning‚ Institution Division‚ Department Datum Date 2004-01-20 Ekonomiska institutionen 581 83 LINKÖPING Språk Language Svenska/Swedish X Engelska/English Rapporttyp Report category Licentiatavhandling Examensarbete ISBN ISRN Internationella ekonomprogrammet 2004/26 C-uppsats X D-uppsats Serietitel och serienummer Title of series‚ numbering ISSN Övrig rapport ____ URL
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