c IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI SPEC/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ0/XX/M MARKSCHEME SPECIMEN PAPER BIOLOGY Higher Level Paper 1 2 pages –2– SPEC/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ0/XX/M 1. B 16. C 31. D 46. – 2. C 17. B 32. D 47. – 3. D 18. B 33. A 48. – 4. D 19. B 34. D 49. – 5. D 20. B 35. C 50. – 6. D 21. B 36. D 51. – 7. B 22. B 37. B 52. – 8. B 23. D 38. D 53. – 9. A 24. C 39. A 54. – 10. D
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Three terrifying parasites with one thing in common: they are even more dangerous dead than alive was the primary focus of this episode. It is often when the parasites die that a host will then realize they even had an infection but by then it can be too late. The first victim felt nauseous and cramping. Doctors had discovered a mass on the victim’s stomach that was causing the blockage. There were fragments of a worm inside of this mass and the doctors had found that the victim had eaten raw fish
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Campylobacter jejuni Found: intestinal tracts of animals and birds‚ raw milk‚ untreated water‚ and sewage sludge. Transmission: contaminated water‚ raw milk‚ and raw or under-cooked meat‚ poultry‚ or shellfish. Symptoms: fever‚ headache‚ and muscle pain followed by diarrhea (sometimes bloody)‚ abdominal pain and nausea that appear 2 to 5 days after eating; may last 7 to 10 days. Clostridium botulinum Found: widely distributed in nature: in soil and water‚ on plants‚ and in intestinal tracts of animals
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Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a very common condition that occurs when there is bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. The bleeding may occur anywhere in the GI tract between mouth and anus. The most common site of bleeding in the upper part of the intestinal tract includes the esophagus‚ stomach‚ and the first
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I. INTRODUCTION Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract that primarily affects the small bowel. The major clinical manifestations are diarrhea of varying degrees and abdominal pain and cramping. Associated clinical manifestations are nauseas‚ vomiting‚ fever‚ anorexia‚ distention‚ tenesmus (straining on defecation) and borborygmi (hyperactive bowel sounds) (Black‚ Joyce M.‚ Hawks Jane Hokanson.‚ (2009). Medical-Surgical Nursing: A clinical Management for Positive
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The BCS is a scientific framework for classifying drug substances based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability. When combined with the dissolution of the drug product‚ the BCS takes into account three major factors that govern the rate and extent of drug absorption from IR solid oral dosage forms: dissolution‚ solubility‚ and intestinal permeability. According to the BCS‚ drug substances are classified as follows: Class 1: High Solubility – High Permeability
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Giardiasis is a parasite that affects the digestive system. As a parasite‚ it feeds off another organism in order to survive. While it is uncommon in the developed world‚ it can be found in every region of the United States and around the world. It is frequently seen in developing and poor countries where it can affect a number of people due to poor hygiene and unsanitary conditions. As a parasite that can so lethally attack people‚ it displays a plethora amount of signs and symptoms in a patient
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Chagas disease and cysticercosis. Chagas disease cysticercosis Parasite (Worm or protozoan) protozoan worm Effects on human host Fever‚ swelling around initial infection site‚ parasites in blood‚ sometimes asymptomatic‚ rarely debilitating or life threatening problems can occur. Formation of larval cysts can occur in the muscles‚ eyes‚ brain‚ and/or spinal cord. Cysts in these areas can lead to other side affects. How parasite is transmitted. Contact with insect feces and through the blood
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Americans is infected with a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. What is this parasite‚ and how does it affect people? Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that affects birds and other animals‚ but it only reproduce sexually in cats. According to Dr. Michael Grigg‚ senior investigator with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases‚ Toxoplasma gondii usually remains dormant in people contracted by it‚ following mild flu-like symptoms. However‚ if the parasite becomes active‚ it becomes
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Raudah P. Mangbisa Grade VIII-Nilo VIRUS A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms. Viruses can infect all types of life forms‚ from animals and plants to bacteria and archaea. Characteristics: Like living organisms‚ viruses contain nucleic acids and proteins. Inside living cells‚ viruses can reproduce‚ but not by the process of mitosis like most living cells. Viruses lack some characteristics of living organisms. Outside of living cells‚ viruses are
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