History of Programming Languages To date‚ there have been two conferences focusing on programming languages. The Special Interest Group on Programming Languages (SIGPLAN) of the Association for Computing Machinery sponsored two "History of Programming Languages (HOPL)" conferences. The first of these took place in Los Angeles in 1978‚ and focused on thirteen early languages: ALGOL‚ APL‚ APT‚ BASIC‚ COBOL‚ FORTRAN‚ GPSS‚ JOSS‚ JOVIAL‚ LISP‚ PL/I‚ SIMULA‚ and SNOBOL. The prospectus for the first
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Mr. Brajesh Mishra Roll- 32024 ________________________________________________________________ LINEAR BLOCK CODES A systematic (n‚k) linear block code is a mapping from a k-dimensional message vector to an ndimensional codeword in such a way that part of the sequence generated coincides with the k message digits. The difference (n − k) represents the parity bits. A systematic linear block will have a [k × n] generator matrix [G] of the form G=[P IK ] Then the code is
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Essay Object oriented programming was developed because limitation was discovered in earlier approaches to programing. The evolution to the object oriented programming is based on the following previous languages. Evolution in computer programming languages: In the earlier time‚ at the beginning of programming the “Punch Card“ was used for the programming purpose. Then with the passage of time human tried to work on the binary digits called “Machine Language”. 1. Machine Language In the machine
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History of Neuro Linguistic Programming Abstract This paper covers the history and development of Neuro Linguistic Programming in the field of psychology covering its techniques and its growth from behavioral modeling and the influences of Gestalt psychologists Fritz Perls; Virginia Satir‚ and Milton Erikson. Richard Bandler and John Grinder are considered the fathers of Neuro Linguistic Programming and this paper covers the skills they developed and their discovery of the ways to identify
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Summary of PL/1 (Programming Languages 1) History (Programming Language 1) A high-level IBM programming language introduced in 1964 with the System/360 series‚ developed by George Radin of IBM in 1964. Originally named (NPL) and Fortran VI. It was designed to combine features of and eventually supplant COBOL and FORTRAN‚ which never happened. A PL/I program is made up of procedures (modules) that can be compiled independently. There is always a main procedure and zero or more additional ones.
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7.1 The NPV Rule for Judging Investments and Projects 159 7.2 The IRR Rule for Judging Investments 161 7.3 NPV or IRR‚ Which to Use? 162 7.4 The “Yes–No” Criterion: When Do IRR and NPV Give the Same Answer? 163 7.5 Do NPV and IRR Produce the Same Project Rankings? 164 7.6 Capital Budgeting Principle: Ignore Sunk Costs and Consider Only Marginal Cash Flows 168 7.7 Capital Budgeting Principle: Don’t Forget the Effects of Taxes—Sally and Dave’s Condo Investment 169 7.8 Capital Budgeting and
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Prepared & Submitted by: Assutush Rema Sector Coordinator (Livelihood Security Project) Fulbaria ADP‚ World Vision Bangladesh. Introduction: The integrated programming model (IPM) has been developed through a process of co-creation involving staff across World Vision‚ with special emphasis on local-level staff. The integrated programming model equips World Vision local-level staff to work effectively with partners toward the sustained well-being of children within families and communities especially
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Introduction to Investment Banking An investment bank is not a bank in the usual sense. It doesn’t have checking or savings accounts‚ nor does it make auto or home loans. It is a bank in the general sense‚ in that it helps businesses‚ governments‚ and agencies to get financing from investors in a similar way that regular banks help these organizations get financing by lending money that the banks’ customers have deposited in the banks’ savings‚ checking‚ and money market accounts‚ and CDs. In other
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days‚ programming languages are becoming more and more general and all-purpose‚ but they still have their specializations‚ and each language has its disadvantages and advantages. Languages can generally be divided into a few basic types‚ though many languages support more than one programming style. This following list isn’t all inclusive or as fine-grained as possible‚ but it brings out some of the basic design decisions behind languages. Language Types • Procedural The programming style
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Introduction to C++ Programming and Graphics Introduction to C++ Programming and Graphics C. Pozrikidis 13 Constantine Pozrikidis Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (MAE) University of California‚ San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla‚ CA 92093-0411 dehesa@freeshell.org Cover illustration: The illustration on the front cover shows a twisted nanoring consisting of a warped hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms. Library of Congress Control Number: 2007921582 ISBN-10:
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