The Effect of SOX Section 404: Costs‚ Earnings Quality‚ and Stock Prices Introduction The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Responsible for the application of the law THE SARBANES–OXLEY ACT (SOX) was passed in 2002 after a string of high profile corporate scandals. The law’s main goal was to improve the quality of financial reporting and to increase investor confidence‚ which requires companies to put in place and periodically test procedures that monitor the internal systems ensuring accurate
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Identify the strengths and weaknesses of discretionary accruals models to identify earnings manipulation: Discretionary Accrual = non-obligatory expense (such as an anticipated bonus for management) that is yet to be realized but is recorded in the account books. Accrual Accounting = an accounting measure that measures the performance and position of a company by recognizing economic events regardless of when cash transactions occur. The general idea is that economic events are recognized
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Analyzing Financial Analysts: What They Look for in Financial Reports and How They Determine Earnings’ Quality Carol M Graham‚ Mark V Cannice‚ Todd L Sayre. Journal of Management Research. New Delhi: Aug 2002. Vol. 2‚ Iss. 2; pg. 63‚ 10 pgs Abstract (Summary) The impact that financial analysts have on the share prices of publicly held companies has come under increasing scrutiny. However‚ despite the role they play in the financial markets‚ surprisingly little is known about the way in which analysts
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Question 3-3 If a “typical” firm reports $20 million of retained earnings on its balance sheet‚ could its directors declare a $20 million cash dividend without having any qualms about what they were doing? Explain your answer. Its directors could declare a $20 million cash dividend without having any qualms about what they were doing‚ because retained earnings may not held as cash. Retained earnings represent the cumulative total of all earnings kept by the company during its life. Therefore‚ $20 million
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Retained earnings is the profit generated by a company that are not distributed to stockholders (shareholders) as dividends but are either reinvested in the business or kept as a reserve for specific objectives (such as to pay off a debt or purchase a capital asset). A balance sheet figure shown under the heading retained earnings is the sum of all profits retained since the company’s inception. Retained earnings are reduced by losses‚ and are also called accumulated earnings‚ accumulated profit
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2008 pp. 757–787 Real and Accrual-Based Earnings Management in the Pre- and Post-Sarbanes-Oxley Periods Daniel A. Cohen New York University Aiyesha Dey University of Chicago Thomas Z. Lys Northwestern University ABSTRACT: We document that accrual-based earnings management increased steadily from 1987 until the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002‚ followed by a significant decline after the passage of SOX. Conversely‚ the level of real earnings management activities declined prior to
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“The Effect of IFRS Adoption and Investor Protection on Earnings Quality Around the World” by Houqe et al. In the paper “The Effects of IFRS Adoption and Investor Protection on Earnings Quality Around the World” Houqe et al. study the interaction of two fundamental factors that influence financial reporting. So‚ the authors developed an empirical model that tested whether the quality of earnings is a function of mandatory IFRS adoption‚ the country’s investor protection and the interaction of these
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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE Sofia “Earnings management‚ in exchange listed companies‚ is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors” Coursework in BUSINESS FINANCIAL CRIME Student registration No: 479866 Program: International Finance and Trade‚ Level 2 Lecturer: A. Paparizov “Earnings management‚ in exchange listed companies‚ is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors” With the development of the stock markets and the huge grow in the volume of money traded
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Can institutional investors restrain earnings management activities in weak investor protection countries? The role of foreign and domestic institutional investors UGUR LEL* This draft: February 2013 Abstract This paper investigates the role that institutional investors play in restraining earnings management activities of firms under varying investor protection environments. Distinguishing between foreign and domestic institutional ownership in a sample of about 190‚000 firm-year observations
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The 2nd Doctoral Colloquium Bridging the Gap between Theory‚ Research and Practice : IFRS Convergence and Application Faculty of Economics Universitas Indonesia Bali-Indonesia‚ 27 - 28 Oktober 2010 TAX01 INFLUENCE OF BOOK TAX GAP TOWARDS EARNINGS PERSISTENCE AND FIRM VALUE FOR THE PERIOD OF 1999 – 2007 Dwi Martani Universitas Indonesia (martani@ui.ac.id) Debby Fitriasari Universitas Indonesia (dfsari@yahoo.com) Yulianti Universitas Indonesia (yuli.a@ui.ac.id) Field of Research
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