OXIDATION-REDUCTION TITRATIONS REDOX TITRATION • involves oxidizing agents and reducing agents titrants and analytes • oxidizing agents used as standard solutions: potassium permanganate‚ KMnO4 potassium dichromate‚ K2Cr2O7 iodine‚ I2 ceric sulfate‚ Ce(SO4) 2 potassium iodate‚ KIO3 REDOX TITRATION • reducing agents used as standard solutions: ferrous sulfate‚ FeSO4 oxalic acid‚ H2C2O4 sodium oxalate‚ Na2C2O4 sodium thiosulfate‚ Na2S2O3 titanous chloride
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DOWNLOADED FROM WWW.STUDIESTODAY.COM DOWNLOADED FROM WWW.STUDIESTODAY.COM d – AND f – BLOCK ELEMENTS Electronic Configuration of Transition Metal/Ions The d-block element is called transition metal if it has partly filled d-orbitals in the ground state as well as in its oxidised state. The general electronic configuration of transition metal is (n–1) d1–10ns1–2. Exceptions in electronic configuration are due to (a) very little engery difference between (n–1) d and ns orbitals and (b) extra stability
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Abstract The aim of the experiment is to test the existence of macromolecules which are carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ nucleic acids and proteins in given samples. The first experiment is to test the existence of carbohydrates in starch suspension and potato cell. If carbohydrate is present in starch suspension‚ the solution will turn into dark blue when iodine solution is added. If carbohydrate is present in potato cell‚ starch granules can be seen clearly under microscope when iodine solution is added
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Lead (II) Iodide Synthesis and Percent Yield NAME:__________________________________________________ PERIOD:______ Prelab 20.0 mL of 0.150 M potassium iodide and 10.0 mL of 0.200 M lead (II) nitrate are mixed together. 1. Write the net ionic equation describing the reaction. 2. Calculate the theoretical yield. Show calculations. 3. a) If a student obtains 0.890 g of lead(II) iodide‚ calculate the percent yield? Show calculations.
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orange colour of the solution turns into green. Cr2O72-: dichromate(VI) ion (Orange) C2O42-: ethanedioate ion (Colourless) Cr3+ : Chromium(III) ion (green) Potassium Manganate(VII) with Ethanedioic Acid 2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- ⎯→ 10CO2 + 8H2O + 2Mn2+ Notes: 1. Mn2+ is colourless 2. In the reaction‚ the purple colour of the solution turns into colourless. MnO4-: Manganate(VII) ion (Purple) Mn2+: Manganese(II) ion colourless Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide 2H2O2 - ⎯→ 2H2O + O2
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was present. A red precipitate means glucose is present in vast amounts. Food Test 2: Test for Starch – with Iodine solution. Iodine solution is used to identify the presence of starch- a complex carbohydrate. Iodine solution (potassium iodide solution) reacts with amylase – a type of starch – whereby a blue-black polyiodide complex is formed. Method 1) Mix smalls amount of each food samples (i.e.‚ Egg lumen‚ cylindrical piece of potato tuber‚ bread crump and crisps) in different test
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determine the limiting reagent between the reaction of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide. To determine the percent yield of lead (II) iodide. Date Started: 13/4/12. Finished: 19/4/12. Data collection and processing Measurements: * Amount of distilled water: 75.0ml ± 0.5ml. * Mass of watch glass: 31.65g ± 0.01g. * Mass of watch glass + potassium iodide: 32.45g ± 0.01g. * Mass of potassium iodide: 0.8g ± 0.02g. * Mass of watch glass + lead (II) nitrate: 32.66g ± 0.01g. *
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Synthesis and Structure of Alcohols Alcohols can be considered organic analogues of water. H O H R O H Alcohols are usually classified as primary‚ secondary and tertiary. H R H OH H primary R R OH R R OH OH R secondary tertiary phenol Alcohols with the hydroxyl bound directly to an aromatic (benzene) ring are called phenols. Nomenclature of Alcohols (Normally any compound’s name which ends in –ol is an alcohol of some sort) IUPAC rules that:
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ranged from 0 .1 s-1 to 1 Peak due to iodide oxidation is read from +peak to – peak bottom line. Iodide to triiodide Glycol Didn’t work Using equation ip = 2.69 ×105 n3/2 A D1/2 C ν1/2 compare to linear equation y = mx+c y = peak current x = V1/2 c = zero Therefore m is = everything else C = concentration 0.05 M ethylene glycol (acetonitrile ?) two e- transfer A = area of platinium elecrtrode given work out D (diffusion coefficient) of iodide Prelim have to wrk out open circuit
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CHEMISTRY PROJECT Submitted by- Submitted To- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank for her help and guidance in the completion of the project and also for giving me the opportunity to learn so much through this project. Also‚ my sincere thanks to for the support and encouragement she shows by providing us with such an opportunity. CERTIFICATE It is hereby to certify that original and genuine investigatory
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