SIGNIFICANT FIGURES: 1) ALL non-zero numbers (1‚2‚3‚4‚5‚6‚7‚8‚9) are ALWAYS significant. 2) ALL zeroes between non-zero numbers are ALWAYS significant. 3) ALL zeroes which are SIMULTANEOUSLY to the right of the decimal point AND at the end of the number are ALWAYS significant. 4) ALL zeroes which are to the left of a written decimal point and are in a number >= 10 are ALWAYS significant. 5) If you can/must get rid of the zeroes‚ then they are NOT significant NOTES: -The electron was discovered
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bus 9.2 – Production of Materials: Δ. Construct word and balanced formulae equations of all chemical reactions as they are encountered in this module: • Basic reactions to remember: – Acid reactions: ▪ acid + base [pic] salt + water HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) [pic]NaCl(s) + H2O(l) ▪ acid + metal [pic] salt + hydrogen gas HCl(aq) + Mg(s)[pic]MgCl2(s) + H2 (g) ▪ acid + carbonate [pic] salt + carbon dioxide gas + water HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s)[pic] CaCl(s) + CO2(g) + H2O
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Worksheet #1: Introduction to Ionic Bonds The forces that hold matter together are called chemical bonds. There are four major types of bonds. We need to learn in detail about these bonds and how they influence the properties of matter. The four major types of bonds are: I. Ionic Bonds III. Metallic Bonds II. Covalent Bonds IV. Intermolecular (van der Waals) forces Ionic Bonds The ionic bond is formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed between
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A. MATTER * Nature of matter. * Describe the states of matter and explain their conversion in terms of the kinetic particle theory. * Describe and explain diffusion. * Describe dependence of rate of diffusion on molecular mass‚ qualitatively. * Experimental techniques Measurement. * Name appropriate apparatus for the measurement of time‚ temperature‚ mass and volume‚ including burettes‚ pipettes and measuring cylinders. Criteria of purity. * Identify substances
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Atom Bonding Lab Introduction: Atoms bond in covalent bonds and ionic bonds. A covalent bond is when atoms share electrons in order to gain stability with each other (Larsen). To have stability which each other‚ the atoms share electrons so that their outer electron shell is equal. Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions (Larsen‚ 2010). Element that have a positive ion are able to bond
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1.1 INTRODUCTION Chemical bonding – the force of attraction between the two atoms Valence electron – the outer most shell electrons There are three types of chemical bonding i. Ionic bond: ________________________________________ ii. Covalent bond: _____________________________________ iii. Dative Covalent bond: _______________________________ 1.1.1 LEWIS DOT SYMBOL A shorthand to represent the valence electron of an atom. The element symbol
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December 19th‚ 2012 Ms. Kathleen Sylva Head Researcher Ceramic Artisans Dear Ms. Sylva‚ In ionic and covalent bonds‚ there are many properties that make up each bond. Ionic bonds between a metal and a nonmetal are stronger than covalent bonds‚ have high melting and boiling points‚ and can conduct electricity in water. This is because the electrons are transferred‚ completing the valence electron shell and making the atom stable. Covalent bonds between nonmetals have weaker bonds‚ low melting
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Ionic Bonding Puzzle Lab Introduction When metals and non-metals chemically react‚ the atoms will tend to form ions or charged atoms. Ions form because electrons are either gained or lost. Metals will generally form cations or positive ions‚ since they tend to donate electrons Non-metals will form anions or negative ions‚ since they tend to accept electrons. Activity In this activity you will create models of ionic compounds and observe the chemical formula of the binary molecules you
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University Purpose The aim of this experiment is to investigate the properties of several substances with the purpose of determining whether they are molecular‚ ionic‚ macromolecular or metallic. Introduction Chemical substances could be named ionic‚ molecular or metallic substance‚ based on the kind of bond present in it. Solid ionic compound is composed of ions‚ which are held together by large electrostatic forces. Bonding in molecular substance is caused by the sharing of electrons by atoms
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4 – Chemical Bonding: The Ionic Bond Model Study Questions Each question is worth 0.2 points. Total assignment is worth 5 points. 1. Describe the characteristics of ionic compounds and of molecular compounds. Ionic compounds have high melting points and conduct electricity well while covalent molecules have lower melting points and will not conduct electricity in a liquid state. 2. What types of particles are present as ionic bonds? Molecular compounds? Ionic bonding occurs between charged
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