Magnitogorsk Technical State University Foreign Languages Department № 2 Report: «The History of Accounting» Done: Izhevsky V. Checked: Gamper E.E. Magnitogorsk 2011 Contents - Introduction -- 1. What Is Accounting -- 2. History --- 2.1. Ancient Accounting --- 2.2. Accounting In Mesopotamia --- 2.3. Accounting In Ancient Egypt‚ China‚ Greece and Rome --- 2.4. Medieval Accounting --- 2.5. Italian Renaissance: Birth of Double Entry Bookkeeping ---- 2.5.1. Luca Pacioli Biography
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*Functions of Accounting Work ( Recording / Classifying / Summarizing *Accounting- “art of recording‚ classifying & summarizing in a significant matter and in terms of money; transactions and events w/c are in part at least of a financial character and interpreting the results thereof.” ( How? (AICPA – American Institute of CPA) *Science- existing body of knowledge that governs accounting practice (Accounting Theory) *Art- creative skill & ability *4 Functions of Accounting 1. Recording-
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methods or procedures used to record and report financial data are called the accounting system. 3. Systems analysis is the final phase in the creation or revision of an accounting system. 4. Processing methods are the means by which the system collects‚ summarizes‚ and reports accounting information. 5. Accounting systems evolve through a three-step process: analysis‚ design and feedback. 6. An accounting system is the methods and procedures used to collect‚ classify‚ summarize
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The FASB is a private and not for-profit organizations and their primary goal is to establish and improve generally accepted accounting principles in the public’s interest. FASB established in 1973 and it’s starts giving the financial solutions for public and private companies and non-profit organizations. FASB is responsible for setting accounting standards for public‚ private companies and organizations. There are currently seven members’ who are at the top position of this organization. The magazines
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Computer Accounting Computer accounting has been growing in popularity since the availability of the Internet as a worldwide communication medium began to grow. Individuals and companies manage their money and assets one way or another. They usually hire accountants to help them carry out the requirements of accounting and balancing their books. Before the internet became inescapable‚ these accounting protocols were performed manually. Today many accountants and non-accountants alike use computer
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CHAPTER 1 Managerial Accounting ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE Brief Exercises 1 A Problems B Problems Study Objectives *1. Explain the distinguishing features of managerial accounting. Identify the three broad functions of management. Define the three classes of manufacturing costs. Distinguish between product and period costs. Explain the difference between a merchandising and a manufacturing income statement. Indicate how cost of goods manufactured is determined. Explain the difference
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Financial Decision-making is one of the most important things in our business world today. In today ’s diverse world‚ ethics in accounting and financial decision- making is a process that many organizations have trouble dealing with. Many organizations put emphasis on ethics and the financial decision making process within the organizations( www.managemyaccounting.com(2007). It is expected that all organizations will behave in an ethical manner in the current economy. (www.managemyaccounting.com(2007)
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Accounting Ethics Accounting ethics is primarily a field of professional ethics‚ the study of moral values and judgements which are applied to the accountancy. “Accounting ethics can be defined as a set of distinct guidelines for a business to maintain clean balance sheets‚ accounting for their profits‚ losses and expenses incurred and prevent it from mishandling financial reports and statements” (Buzzle 2011). The nature of the work carried out by accountants and auditors requires a high level
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Will there be one set of accounting standards in use throughout the world in the next five years? Accounting around the world has become a huge focus in recent years due to the diversity of methods used in accounting and the difficulty of comparing US based firms and international firms. In the United States the guidelines that govern accounting are US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or GAAP. Recently the Securities Exchange Commission or SEC has begun the process of switching to the International
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ACTG2010 Exam-AID session. It is intended for students enrolled in any section of Introduction to Financial Accounting – ACTG2010 course who are looking for an additional resource to assist their studies in preparation for the exam. References Friedlan‚ John. Financial Accounting: A Critical Approach. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson‚ 2010. Print. Richardson‚ Alan J. Cases in Financial Accounting: A Principles-based Approach. Toronto‚ ON: Nelson‚ 2007. Print. Contents Chapter 1: page 2 Chapter
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