CONTEMPORARY INDIAN THINKERS CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. RAMAKRISHNA PARAMAHAMSA 2. VIVEKANANDA 3. SHAIKH MUHAMMED IQBAL 4. RABINDRANATH TAGORE 5. MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI 6. KRISHNACHANDRA BHATTACHARYYA 7. AUROBINDO GHOSE 8. SARAPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN 9. JIDDU KRISHNAMURTHI 10. RAJNEESH CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION When we speak about Contemporary Indian Philosophy‚ we refer to the pro and post Independence period which is known as the Indian
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specific theologies and ritual traditions; on another level‚ however‚ they often understand themselves to be different means to reach a common end Suhag‚ 2009). The Hindu worldview is grounded in the doctrines of samsara (the cycle of rebirth) and karma (the universal law of cause and effect)‚ and fundamentally holds that one’s actions (including one’s thoughts) directly determine one’s life‚ both one’s current life and one’s future lives. Many‚ but not all‚ Hindus hold that the
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from nothing. I believe you have to do something to get something in return. Most of us will be aware of the principles of karma. Karma is a central belief in Buddhism that nothing happened by accident; what happens to you is as a result of your own personal doing. Buddhists believe that good deeds create good karma and a good future. Clearly therefore‚ bad deeds create bad karma and a difficult future. They believe that this is why there is so much inequality. Someone said to Buddha "What is the cause
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someone who has escaped the cycle of reincarnation and has achieved moksha‚ but came back to help others (Jainism.pptx‚ 6). Jains do not worship any Gods or Goddesses‚ they do however recognize them. Jains believe in Karma‚ but unlike Hindus they believe that one must break free from all Karma in order to reach moksha (Wilkinson‚ 228). Once they have reached moksha they are considered Gods and because of this Tirthankaras are worshiped more than Gods (Jainism.pptx‚ 17). Jains have “Three Jewels-Right knowledge
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according to the codes of conduct (Dharma). Karma is defined as sum of person’s actions in one of his successive states of existence‚ viewed as deciding his fate for the next (Das). In many of the Eastern Religions‚ life after death‚ which is known as reincarnation‚ exists (Das). The main purpose in life is to reach good karma by achieving good dharma. In the story of Ramayana‚ there are many examples that would display both positive and negative dharma and karma. King Dasharatha made a promise to his
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It is challenging to try to differentiate between the two because they share so many points‚ like the concept of karma and the cycle of life and death. In both religions‚ the ultimate goal is to exit the cycle of samsara and reach salvation or nirvana. They both follow the teachings of holy figures‚ Buddhist’s being the Buddha and Hindu’s being lord Krishna among other
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birth‚ death‚ and rebirth. “The rishis taught that the soul leaves the dead body and enters a new one. One takes birth again and again in countless bodies—perhaps as an animal or some other life form—but the self remains the same.” (Fisher 77) With karma‚ every act we make‚ and even every thought and every desire we have‚ shapes our future experiences. Our life is what we have made it‚ and we ourselves are shaped by what we have done: “As a man acts‚ so does he become. … A man becomes pure through
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their daily life or not‚ the basic principles of Deuteronomy and karma are always present and active. In the broadest sense‚ the Deuteronomist History is a collection of books about the former prophets of Hebrew. For the comparison and analysis of Deuteronomy‚ The Book of Deuteronomy‚ chapters twenty-seven and twenty-eight‚ will be used. These two chapters focus on the blessings and curses depending on one’s choices in life. The karma theory‚ inherited by Buddhism‚ “States that any moral act‚ good
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invaded India and imposed their religious themes on the Indian natives. Hinduism spread in the world through literature and folklore. It developed gradually over thousands of years. Beliefs of Hinduism Believes in the liberation of soul Believes in karma (action-effect) Practices of religion based on Vedas – the fundamental scripture Believes in rebirth of a soul (reincarnation) Believes in 1 God (but many ways to reach HIM) i.e. praying to Trimurthis: Brahma (the Creator)‚ Vishnu (the Saviour) and
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of another person‚ animal‚ vegetable‚ or mineral. This condition of endless entanglement and rebirth is called samsara. The basic belief is that a person ’s fate or destiny is determined according to his deeds. These deeds in Hinduism are called karma. Hindus direct their lives based on rules
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