Doña Aurora National High School Utilization of Different Varieties of Dried Leaves into Organic Fertilizer using Earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) as Agents for Fast Decomposition Chapter I (Introduction) A. Background of the Study Since ancient times‚ farmers have known that adding certain substances to the soil helps produce healthier‚ more abundant crops; such a substance is called fertilizer. The researchers decided to make an organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers are made up of
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Looking back at the research question‚ the actual amount of reactant did not match the theoretical stoichiometric amounts according to the balanced equation‚ but the amount of catalyst matched the original value when uncertainty is taken into account. The percent yields for the reactants in the equation are very far from 100% yield. In the case of water‚ the percent yield came out to be meaning there were at least 2 times to 4 times more water than there should be. The percent yield of oxygen came
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OBJECTIVE To determine the change of standard Gibbs free energy for the decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3) from the change of standard enthalpy and the change of standard entropy. THEORY Free energy is a state function that expresses the spontaneity of a chemical process in term of enthalpy and entropy change of a system under conditions of constant temperature and volume (Hemholtz free energy) and constant temperature and pressure (Gibbs free energy). It is a quantity of non-pressure-and-volume
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Combustion of Gummy Bears Energy is a concept.� Most definitions of the word energy fail to provide its exact meaning when applied to scientific matters.� In science the word energy is a concept that expresses two measurable properties‚ heat and work.� Here is the relationship of energy‚ heat and work: Energy Released=Work Done + Heat Released The Law of Conservation of Energy‚ derived from centuries of observation and measurement‚ indicates that energy cannot be created or destroyed. But energy
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(SMS) solution was prepared by Distilled Water. The solution was filtered by the filter paper about 4 to 5 times. For different pH‚ the Acitic Acid was poured in to the solution. Pour different test tubes for different pH. To avoid porous gel and decomposition‚ 3N Thiourea using stirrer at 42o C temperature were prepared. These thiourea as a feed solution was poured in the different pH test tubes which is filled with the SMS solution. Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate (AR Grade) and Thiourea (AR Grade) were
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Hess’ Law of Heat Summation Hess’ Law states that: "The enthalpy change for any reaction depends on the products and reactants and is independent of the pathway or the number of steps between the reactant and product". BASICALLY: Hess’ Law states "the heat evolved or absorbed in a chemical process is the same whether the process takes place in one or in several steps" >This is also known as the "law of constant heat summation". All it means is that no matter how many steps the chemical
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Energetics Practical 2: To Determine the Enthalpy Change of a Reaction Background Calcium Carbonate‚ CaCO₃‚ decomposes with heat to form CaO and CO₂. The objective of this practical was to determine the enthalpy change for this reaction by using an indirect method based upon the foundation of Hess’ Law. Both calcium oxide and calcium carbonate react readily with 2 mol/dm3. The reaction can be demonstrated as so: CaCO₃ (s) -> CaO(s) + CO₂ (g) Results: Raw Data Calcium Carbonate Mass of CaCO₃
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ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 Preliminary Examination CHEMISTRY 9647/03 Higher 2 13 September 2010 Paper 3 Free Response 2 hours Candidates answer on separate paper. Additional Materials: Answer paper‚ Graph Paper‚ Data Booklet READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and civics group on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams‚ graphs or rough working. Do not use staples‚
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2. Why alkali metals used in photoelectric cells? 3. Due to which compound‚ ozone depletion is caused in Antarctica? 4. Which of the element among B‚ Al‚ C and Si :- a. Has the highest first ionization enthalpy? b. Has the most negative electron gain enthalpy? 5. c. Write the atomic number of the element present in the third period and seventeenth group of the periodic table. d. Out of the elements Cr (Z-24)‚ Mg (Z=12)‚ and Fe (Z=26)‚ identify the element
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THERMOCHENISTRY Index 1.0 Introduction | | | | | | | | 1 | 2.0 Enthalpy Changes | | | | | | | 2‚3 | 2.1 The Standard Conditions For Calculating Enthalpy Changes | | | | 3.0 Hess’s Law | | | | | | | | 4‚5 | 3.1 The Applications of Hess’s Law | | | | | | 4.0 Standard Molar Enthalpy Change of Formation‚ ΔHof | | | | 6‚7 | 4.1 The Stability of A Compound | | | | | | | 4.2 Using ΔHof
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