Topic 4 - Bonding 4.1 Ionic bonds 4.1.1 Ionic bond: +ve (cations) and -ve (anions) ions are attracted to each other and form a continuous ionic lattice 4.1.2 Group 1 metals form +1 ions‚ group 2 metals form +2 ions‚ metals in group 3 form +3 ions . Examples : Li+‚ Mg2+‚ Al3+. Greater ease of ionisation Li->Cs is due to the increased electron shielding of the nuclear attraction caused by additional inner shells of electrons. The easier atoms are to ionise‚ the more reactive they
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with the oxidation of ascorbic acid by iodine. Iodine is relatively insoluble‚ but this can be improved by complexing the iodine with iodide to form triiodide: I2 + I- I3- Triiodide oxidizes vitamin C to form dehydroascorbic acid: C6H8O6 + I3- + H2O --> C6H6O6 + 3I- + 2H+ As long as vitamin C is present in the solution‚ the triiodide is converted to the iodide ion very quickly. Howevever‚ when the all the vitamin C is oxidized‚ iodine and triiodide will be present‚ which react with starch to form
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List of Chemistry Terms used in daily life α (alpha)‚ β (beta) α- (β-‚ γ-) ray spectrometer α-addition (alpha-addition) α-cleavage (alpha-cleavage) α-decay (alpha-decay) α-effect α-elimination α-expulsion in photochemistry α-oxo carbenes α-particle (alpha-particle) ’A’ value -factorquantity ab initio quantum mechanical methods abatement in atmospheric chemistry abeo- abiological abiotic abiotic transformation absolute activation analysis absolute activity‚ quantity absolute
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V. Ramos [2]. Add an intro here about the presence and sources of lead and correlate it with the possibility of contaminating waters. Conventional methods for metal removal in water include chemical precipitation‚ lime coagulation‚ ion exchange‚ reverse osmosis and solvent extraction [3]. Although this methods for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters‚ however‚ are often cost prohibitive having inadequate efficiencies at low metal concentrations‚ particularly in the range of
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Resolving and Determining the Percentages of Naphthalene‚ NaCl and SiO2 in a Mixture with the use of Separation Techniques Castro‚ Sarleen G.* Cid‚ John Emmanuel V.‚ Clemente‚ Christian Joy G. Group 5‚ 1CHEM‚ Department of Chemistry‚ College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ España‚ Manila‚ 1015 August 24‚ 2012 Abstract A mixture can be homogenous or heterogenous‚ depending if the mixture has been uniform throughout the mixture or not. One of the objectives is to separate C10H8‚ NaCl and
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This experiment was a Landolt Iodine clock reaction - Oxidation of Bisulphite by Iodate. It involved conducting three measured experiments. The first variable tested was concencentration. This was tested by conducting two experiments‚ each varying the concentration of either the NaHSO3 or KIO3. The varying of NaHSO3 involved using 0.1 Molar of KIO3 against decreasing concentrations of NaHSO3 (0.25 M‚ 0.125 M‚ 0.0625 M and 0.03125 M). When decreasing the concentration of KIO3‚ 0.25 M of NaHSO3 was
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the concept of the mole‚ redox reactions‚ kinetic theory and energetics. A laboratory component will be used to aid in the understanding of these topics. Course Rationale: CHEM 101 seeks to enlighten students about the historical development of the structure of the atom and the forces that keep subatomic particles together. It also looks at the importance of intramolecular and intermolecular forces of attraction and how these are linked with the kinetic theory of matter. It further deepens students’
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BIO 120 General Biology I Note-taking/Study Guide Chemistry What is chemistry? Define energy Define potential energy and give an example Define kinetic energy and give an example Define matter Describe the three states of matter? Define elements Define atoms What are the three subatomic particles? What are their charges? Where are they found in the atoms? Define atomic number. Use the periodic table to determine the atomic number of various elements. Define mass number. Use the periodic table
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Experiment 8 Chemical Kinetics Abstract This experiment was done to determine the effects of the nature of the reactants‚ concentration‚ temperature‚ surface area and catalyst on the rate of chemical reactions. The nature of the reactants implies a difference if the reactants are aqueous or organic‚ acidic or basic or if they occur in the same phase or not. Acid-base reactions‚ formation of salts‚ and exchange of ions are fast reactions while reactions in which large molecules are formed
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Reagent - 1.5 mL in Vial 2 Pipet‚ Empty Short Stem 1 Silver Nitrate‚ 0.1 N - 6 mL in White Dropper Bottle 1 Sodium Bromide‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Carbonate‚ 0.25 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Chloride‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Iodide‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Phosphate‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Sulfate‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Sulfide‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Unknown - 5 mL in Pipet 1 Lead Acetate Strips - 2 in Bag 2"x 3" – Assembly Procedure 1. Before
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