Name: Bulose Sihle Student Number: 209504496 Date of Practical: 11 April 2013 Inductively Coupled Plasma – Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Aim The aim of this practical was to use an ICP-OES to perform a multi-elemental analysis of different types of tea. The elements that were analysed in the tea were copper‚ iron‚ manganese and magnesium. The sample is introduced into the plasma as an aerosol. Argon gas flows through three concentric quartz tubes in the plasma torch. This argon gas transports
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CHEM 17 Expt.2-Coupled Reactions 4/18/12 Results and Discussions: One way to obtain products from a non-spontaneous process that is exhibited in this experiment is by “coupling” two reactions. The principle of Coupled Reactions is based on a simple concept: we can use a thermodynamically favorable (spontaneous) reaction to drive an unfavorable one. One step is allowed to supply enough free energy for the other to occur. A coupled reaction is a system wherein a non-spontaneous
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all levels from prekindergarten to graduate school. Elementary and secondary education involves twelve years of schooling the successful completion of which leads to a high school diploma. A distinct feature of the American educational system is its decentralized organization. Elementary and secondary education is financially supported by three levels of government - local‚ state‚ and federal. Furthermore‚ it is divided into public and private institutions. The main disadvantage of the decentralization
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can be used in the new high-speed broadband WLAN systems. This paper presents the design of rectangular patch microstrip antennas for the 2.4 GHz ISM band. INTRODUCTION A microstrip antenna consists of conducting patch on a ground plane separated by dielectric substrate. This concept was undeveloped until the revolution in electronic circuit miniaturization and
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THE BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS OF ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION November Volume 48 Copyright © 1969‚ Number 19P9 9 American Telephone and Telegraph Company Coupled Wave Theory for Thick Hologram Gratings By HERWIG KOGELNIK (Manuscript received A thick May 23‚ 1969) coupled wave analysis is given of the Bragg diffraction of light by hologram gratings‚ which is analogous to Phariseau ’s treatment of acoustic gratings and to the "dynamical"
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(2000). Centralized versus decentralized control in manufacturing: lessons from social insects. Pages 92–105 in “Complexity and Complex Systems in Industry‚” Proceedings‚ University of Warwick‚ 19th–20th September 2000‚ (McCarthy‚ I. P. and Rakotobe-Joel‚ T.‚ Eds.). The University of Warwick‚ U.K. 652 pp. [ISBN 0 902683 50 0] Centralized versus decentralized control in manufacturing: lessons from social insects Carl Anderson† and John J. Bartholdi‚ III School of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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Database System Versus File System Consider part of a savings-bank enterprise that keeps information about all customers and savings accounts. One way to keep the information on a computer is to store it in system files. To allow users to manipulate the information‚ the system has a number of application programs that manipulate the files including • A program to debit or credit an account • A program to add new account • A program to find the balance of an account • A program to generate
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INTRODUCTION Overall‚ light energy drives a flow of electrons along a system of carriers from H2O to NADP+. The carriers are bound to the membrane between reaction centres. Though their precise arrangement is not known‚ the carriers seem to be organized so that the electron flow cause H+ to move from the stroma to the space within the thylakoids. The resulting difference in H+ concentration across the membrane represents a store of energy that is though to drive he formation of ATP. According to
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International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences September 2012‚ Vol. 2‚ No. 9 ISSN: 2222-6990 A Case study of Annual and Semester Systems of Examination on Government College of Management Sciences‚ Peshawar‚ Pakistan Asfandyar Yousaf Assistant professor & MS (Management Sciences) Research Scholar at Gandhara University‚ Government College of Commerce-II‚ Peshawar‚ KPK‚ Pakistan Email: asfandisbest77@yahoo.com Muhammad Hashim Lecturer & MS (Management Sciences) Research
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4/2/2014 The Command System vs The Market System The majority of this world’s economy is dominated by two types‚ the Command System and the Market System. The command system is a command economy that is publicly owned and is controlled by a central authority. The market system is a market economy where there is free competition and prices are determined by the interaction of supply and demand. The market system is popular within the United States‚ while the command system is ranked at the top for
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