CELL INJURY: CAUSES OF CELL INJURY‚ MECHANISMS OF REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE CELL INJURY. CELL INJURY. Causes of cell injury range from gross mechanical external causes to mild endogenous causes as genetic lack of enzymes etc. Virtually all forms of tissue injuries start with molecular or structural alterations in cells. Under normal conditions‚ the cells are in: ❖ homeostastatic „steady“ state Normal cell is confined to relatively narrow range of functions and structure by
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function of the animal and plant cell structures and organelles in class Know the following organelles and cell structures: Cell wall‚ cell membrane‚ nucleus‚ mitochondria‚ chloroplasts‚ ribosomes‚ endoplasmic reticulum‚ golgi apparatus‚ lysosomes‚ vacuoles‚ cytoskeleton What is an allele? Be able to define the following: Genotype‚ Phenotype‚ Transcription‚ Translation Know the steps involved in transcription and translation What are mutations? How do they lead to evolutionary changes?
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John Leone Lab Partner(s) Ethan Davis & Ryan Hanna Date: 12/10/14 Instructor: Dr. Chuckran Period: H Plants and Animal Cells Abstract: In this lab‚ you will find out how plant and animal cells are alike and how they are different. The onion elodea cells were both plants‚ so they had a cell wall. The cheek cells were animal cells‚ so they did not have a cell wall. Eukaryotic cells contain structures called organelles that carry out life processes. Eukaryotic cells can be classified by the types of organelles they contain
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Republic of the Philippines Mindanao State University General Santos City Bio 108: Cell Biology Laboratory Report August 28‚ 2013 DNA Extraction on Onion (Allium cepa) and Human Cheek Cell Arriza‚ Rolland Merch Buscato‚ Carl G. Butil‚ Conrad G. Leonida‚ Renee Theresa ABSTRACT This activity observes the DNA present in onion (Allium cepa) and human cheek cells by extracting it with the addition of lysis buffer and chilled ethanol. The lysis buffer is prepared from squeezed onion mixed
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Chapter-8 Cell: The Unit Of Life What is a cell? Cell is the basic or fundamental structural and functional unit of an organism. What is cell biology? The branch of biology that deals with the study of cell structure and function is called cell biology. DISCOVERIES; Who discovered cell? Robert Hooke observed a live cell in 1665. He observed the cell(actually the cell walls) in the slice of cork under his compound microscope ‚coined the term cell‚ recorded his observations in micrographic
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Biology Notes 1. Organisms are made of cells that have similar structural characteristics. 1 Outline the historical development of the cell theory‚ in particular the contributions of Robert Hooke and Robert Brown. The development of the cell theory starts in the 1600ʼs with Robert Hookeʼs discovery of cells when viewing a piece of cork under a microscope and describing them as a nun house. Anton van Leeuwenhoek was crucial in the development of microscopes making simple microscopes through advanced
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conditions change‚ selectively permeable - controls what goes in and out. 79. Nuclear membrane 80. Genetic material (DNA)‚ Ribosomes‚ Cell membrane‚ Cytoplasm/cytosol 81. Differences: Plant cells have cell walls‚ plant cells have central vacuoles‚ there are more lysosomes in the animal cell than the plant‚ plants undergo photosynthesis for the production of energy‚ animal cells undergo cellular respiration for the production of energy Similarities - Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus‚ goes through cell
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BS801 Genes R Us Questions for study: 1. What functions do transcription and translation carry out‚ and where are they carried out in the cell? Transcription: process of creating an equivalent RNA copy of a sequence of DNA Transcription is the first step leading to gene expression. The stretch of DNA transcribed into an RNA molecule is called a transcription unit and encodes at least one gene. Occurs in nucleus of the cell Translation: Translation is the production of proteins by decoding mRNA produced
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are found in hydrophobic molecules d. are a variant of an ionic bond 5. Responsible for cell movements in eukaryotic cells: a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. cytoskeleton d. chloroplasts e. Golgi apparatus 6. An organelle/structure common to prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells: a. ribosome b. mitochondria c. cell wall d. lysosome e. more than one of these is correct 7. If a microscope had a limit of resolution of 0.2 m‚ which of the following could be observed? a. bacterial
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a light microscope? A electron microscope 0.5 light microscope 20 B 0.5 200 C 5.0 20 D 5.0 200 2 The diagram shows a drawing of an electron micrograph of a cell. Which structures are surrounded by double membranes? Golgi apparatus lysosome mitochondrion nucleus cytoplasm A ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ B ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ C ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ D ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ 3 In which animal cells would Golgi apparatus be most abundant? A ciliated epithelial cells B goblet cells C red blood cells D smooth muscle cells 5 Which is
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