Introduction to Biochemistry Biochemistry : a multidisciplinary science that explores the chemistry of living organisms and molecular basis for changes occurring in living cells. Principal areas of Biochemistry 1. Struture and Function of Biomolecules Based on structure depend the function (structure function relationship) Example: Hemoglobin S differs from regular adult hemoglobin (hemoglobin A) by just one single amino acid. A valine replaces a glutamine in the 6th position of the beta
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Simple diffusion The term simple diffusion refers to a process whereby a substance passes through a membrane without the aid of an intermediary such as a integral membrane protein. The force that drives the substance from one side of the membrane to the other is the force of diffusion. In order for substances to pass through a cell membrane by simple diffusion it must penetrate the hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer. The types of molecules that can do this are themselves substantially
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is that animal cells does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but plant cells do. Animal cells are round and irregular in shape while plant cells have fixed‚ rectangular shapes. Plant cells contains a large and central vacuoles while animal cells contains small and fewer vacuoles. In this lab‚ Plant cells have cell walls for support outside their cell membrane and are usually
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their shape and size to a large extent in hypotonic and hypertonic solutions. In the hypotonic solution the plant cell’s vacuole fills up with water and pushes the cell’s cytoplasm against the cell’s wall. In the hypertonic solution the cell’s vacuole loses water to the outside of the cell and the cytoplasm shrinks away from the cell wall. Paramecium cells have contractile vacuoles which they use to expel water that moves into the cytoplasm in hypotonic solutions. (Paramecium lives in fresh water‚ and
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In this report i will be writing brief description on the functions of the main cell components of the body cell. The cell membrane : is something that lets some things in and some things out of the cell. It is an outer cover for the cell. If the cell membrane was non existences the cell would spill all over the place. Its function is to protect the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing certain substances into the cell‚ while keeping other substances out. It is composed of a thin
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are a tool used by the cell for organising cellular substances‚ vesicles are involved in transport and they store enzymes. Organelle: Lysosomes Structure: Known as the stomach of the cell‚ Lysosomes are cellular organelles that contain acid hydrolase enzymes. It contains a membrane around it to allow the digestive enzymes to work at pH. Function: The Lysosomes is responsible for breaking down waste materials‚ they digest excess or worn out organelles‚ food particles and engulfed viruses. Organelle:
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Gabriela Rios-Martinez March 1‚ 2014 BIO 141 Exam 1 Study Questions Chapter 1: Biology and the Tree of Life (#1 – 4) 1. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific Theory? Between a hypothesis and a prediction? What kinds of hypotheses are useful for scientific investigations that try to explain the natural world‚ and which are not? Give one or more examples of hypotheses that are and are not scientifically useful. (a.) A scientific theory has two components; a pattern
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(P1) Outline the functions of the main cell components Every individual possess billions of cells in their body but not only is the human body functional With cells but also contains tissues‚ organs and systems which is what the human body is made up of. The cell carries out vast numbers of chemical reactions which processes in order to make up the essence of life (Moonie N‚ Aldworth C‚ Billingham M & Talman H ‚2012). Cells are usually grouped together with other cells carrying out particular
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How organelles work together: The organelles have to work together‚ in cells‚ in order to carry out functions. One main process that requires the organelles to work together for is protein synthesis. Most animal cells make proteins. The nucleus is the organelle in the cell which contains the material needed to produce a protein. The nucleus holds DNA. A copy of part of the DNA is made which is called mRNA. This leaves the nucleus and interacts with ribosomes which are located in the cytoplasm or
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B04 onion skin lab SNC 2D Name:______________________________ Lab: Investigation of the Structure of Onions Cells Purpose: To investigate the structure of onion cells and become familiar with some of the basic parts of a cell. This lab will also introduce you to the technique of preparing a wet mount slide. Materials: microscope pencil cover slips lens paper paper towels blank white paper ruler known field of views beaker tweezers glass slides eraser medicine dropper
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