and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. How do their conceptions of the “social contract” differ? How are these differences related to differences between the English Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the French Revolution of 1789? John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were two very important philosophical thinkers of their time. John Locke was a prominent thinker from England‚ sometimes revered as the Father of Classical Liberalism due to his philosophical writings. Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a philosopher
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Man is born free But everywhere he is in chain. - J. J. Rousseau Discuss the meaning and importance of freedom in the light of this quotation. Every animal including man is born free. All animals in their natural state‚ except man who is precluded by civilization to be in his natural state‚ are free. Some animals lose their freedom only because of man’s needs and deeds. The world is ’open’ and not ’closed’ in its natural state; every animal - man is not exempted - desires novelty‚ spontaneity
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writers. Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Niccolo Machiavelli‚ in the Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and The Prince‚ subsequently‚ talks about this subject. In the Discourse on the Origin of Inequality‚ Rousseau talks about the natural human state and is transition to its current civilized state. In The Prince‚ Machiavelli talks about the nature of humans already in a civilized state. Rousseau ’s and Machiavelli ’s ideas on the best state of humans contrast because Rousseau believes that the best
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history‚ we have examined the most influential works contributing to political theory in the history of Western civilization. Beginning with our classical political thinkers Socrates‚ Platos and Aristotle and our modern political thinkers‚ Machiavelli‚ Locke and Rousseau. The works of these political thinkers have valued the hegemony of manhood and they have also justified their low respect on women. Their works can be viewed as the foundation of women’s inequalities in the public sphere. Centuries have
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Chapter seven explains the qualifications needed to be an exemplar legislator. Rousseau states that in order for a society to be run successfully‚ the legislator should not have any power over man and the lawgiver should not have any power over the law: “the legislator is the engineer who invents the machine‚ the prince merely the mechanic
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How can one believe that humans are innately altruistic‚ when humans are the only species that selfishly keeps other creatures in captivity for their own happiness and maliciously murders organisms for their own pleasure and desire to prove that their beliefs are correct? Although people can show sympathy for others‚ people are innately self-centered because humans are motivated by their fears and desire to surpass everyone else‚ so they can have the most. Although humans naturally want to obtain
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olitical throries Machiavelli emphasized the need for realism‚ as opposed to idealism. In The Prince he does not explain what he thinks the best ethical or political goals are‚ except the control of one’s own fortune‚ as opposed to waiting to see what chance brings. Machiavelli took it for granted that would-be leaders naturally aim at glory or honor. He associated these goals with a need for "virtue" and "prudence" in a leader‚ and saw such virtues as essential to good politics and indeed the common
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reasonable power should be made available to the state‚ and a reasonable liberty should be made available to citizens. A state and its citizens are not opposed to each other; they are made to live together. Philosophers such as Hobbes‚ Locke‚ and Rousseau gave free reign to their passion: the analysis of the human nature. They analyzed human social organization and nature of man/woman in society by comparing two major notions: the state of nature and civil society. The state of nature is a term used
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presentation of “human nature” is optimistic. According to Rousseau‚ “ If then the people promises simply to obey‚ by that very act it dissolves itself and loses what make it a people; then moment a master exits‚ there is no longer a Sovereign‚ and from that moment the body politic has ceased to exit” (22‚ The Social Contract)‚ he sees people as intrinsically good when they get away from social setting and political experience. Oppositely‚ Machiavelli sees “human nature” as something conditional. He presents
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international relations with negotiations and govern them is the duty of a diplomat. According to alternative definitions‚ an example from Ambrose Bierce it means ‘the ability to tell a patriot lie fort he sake of country’. Machiavelli Niccolò di Bernado dei Machiavelli is Florence philosopher‚ stateman‚ military strategist‚ poet and scriptwriter who is assumed to be the establisher of history and political science. He is among the most important figures in Italian Renaissance movement. In his
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