Ð Prof. Alta van Dyk 29 PART 3 BEHAVIOURAL AND LEARNING THEORY APPROACHES CHAPTER 3: The social cognitive learning approach Ð Dr. Val Rapmund 73 PART 4 PERSON-ORIENTED APPROACHES CHAPTER 4: The self-actualisation theory of Abraham Maslow Ð Prof. Cora Moore and Dr. Teria Shantall CHAPTER 5: 119 The self concept theory of Carl Rogers Ð Prof. Cora Moore and Miss Patricia Oosthuizen CHAPTER 6: 149 The existential theory of Viktor Frankl Ð Prof. Alta van Dyk and Dr. Teria Shantall
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Application Questions 1. The first stage is Bodily Self. In this stage‚ infants become aware of their own existence and distinguish their own bodies from objects in the environment (Schultz & Schultz 2009). Monica has a sense of humor. She often feels frustrated as she takes care of her children and loses her temper. She is able to joke about her fatigue later. The next stage is Self-identity. Children realize that their identity remains intact despite the many changes that are taking place. Monica
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own theory on the hypothesis by discussing why I agree with Krentzman ’s (2012) view on positive psychology. “Long before positive psychology‚ the great philosophers (Socrates‚ Plato‚ Aristotle) and psychological thinkers (Freud‚ Jung‚ Adler‚ Frankl‚ Rogers‚ Maslow) articulated theories of the good life‚ pleasure‚ wholeness‚ purpose‚ health‚ and actualization (Duckworth et al.‚ 2005; Ryff‚ 2003). In addition‚ empirical work existed on adaptation‚ resilience‚ thriving‚ spirituality‚ and growth
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psychologists like Sigmund Freud‚ Alfred Adler‚ Erik Erikson‚ Carl Jung‚ Erich Fromm‚ Karen Horney‚ Melanie Klein‚ Harry Stack Sullivan‚ and others. In the late 1930s‚ psychologists‚ interested in the human issues‚ such as the self‚ self-actualization‚ health‚ hope‚ love‚ creativity‚ nature‚ being‚ becoming‚ individuality‚ and meaning understanding of human existence‚ included Abraham Maslow‚ Carl Rogers‚ and Clark Moustakas‚ who were interested in founding a professional association dedicated to
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Front Matter 2-4 Preface 2 Learning Objectives 3 Scope of the Project 3 Methodology 4 Limitations 4 I. Introduction 5-10 Introduction to Personality Theory 5 What is a Theory 6 Why Different theories 9 II. Theories of Personality 11-98
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PSY 320: Human Motivation Final Exam Name: Instructions: This exam contains 50 questions. Each question is worth ½ point. Please select the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. There is only one best answer although some answers may appear similar. Please make your choice by changing the font color of your answer for each question. Your choice must be clear. If no answer is marked‚ or if your choice is unclear‚ the qu estion will be marked as incorrect. SAMPLE:
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Introduction Psychology is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes. It is a broad discipline which seeks to analyze the human mind and study why people behave‚ think‚ and feel the way they do. There are many different ways to approach psychology‚ from examining biology’s role in mental health to the role of the environment on behavior. Some psychologists focus only on how the mind develops‚ while others counsel patients to help improve their daily lives. There are seven (7) major
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Influences on Human Nature Human nature is the central characteristics‚ including the ways of thinking‚ acting‚ and reacting that are shared by most or all human beings‚ and which humans display naturally. Each one of us is a unique being and various facets of human nature determine our individual personalities. The question posed by personality theorists is‚ what factors influence the development of our personalities? Simply stated‚ how did we become who we are? Who we are is not determined by
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Personality Theories Almost everyday we describe and assess the personalities of the people around us. Whether we realize it or not‚ these daily musings on how and why people behave as they do are similar to what personality psychologists do. Personality psychology looks at the patterns of thoughts‚ feelings‚ and behavior that make a person unique. Some of the best known theories in psychology are devoted to the subject of personality. Almost everyday we describe and assess the personalities of
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Independent approach to the study of the mind called psychoanalysis Watson: Baby Albert experiment; classical conditioning Pavlov: Classical conditioning‚ salivating dogs Skinner: Pigeon experiment; operant conditioning -> reinforcement and punishment Maslow: Hierarchy of needs‚ self actualization which is the process of fulfilling our potential Wundt: Established first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig‚ Germany James: Memory researcher and president of American Psychological Association
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