Case Study 3: Cell stucture and function Background Information: what are the major feature of eukaryotic cells? In this case study‚ you will apply your knowledge regarding the function of cell structures. Metabolic disorders and unique characteristics of some cells will be used to illustrate the importance of individual structures. Pick 5 out the following 7 small case studies. Each one focuses on one cell component. For each cell component‚ answer the following questions and also any questions
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8- 1408 MITOSIS 1. Define: genome‚ gene‚ chromosomes‚ chromatin‚ binary fission‚ homologous chromosomes‚ sister chromatids‚ daughter chromosomes‚ somatic cells‚ gametes‚ centromere‚ kinetochore‚ karyokinesis‚ spindle fibers‚ kinetochore microtubules‚ nonkinetochore microbules‚ centrosome‚ asters 2. List differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic genome. 3. A chromosome consists of ____ (60%) and ____ (40%). 4. Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that occur
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Centriole Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi Apparatus Ribosome Mitochondria Vacuole Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell Membrane Nucelous Nuclear Envelope Nuclear Pore Lysosomes Microtubles Microtubules- Is a component of the cytoskeleton. Centriole- Aids in cell division and it’s only in animal cells. Lysosomes- Clean-up organelle it digests and breaks down lipids‚ carbs‚ and proteins. Nuclear Pore- Dots on the envelope which allows material in the and out of the
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there are two types protoxylem first formed xylem and metaxylem mature xylem which depends on pattern of lignin‚ the phloem is an elongated tubular shape with thin walled sieve tubes. The sieve tubes have pores at each end in the cross walls and microtubules that extend between sieve elements allowing longitudinal flow of material. Xylem sap contains water‚ inorganic ions and a few organic chemicals whereas phloem sap contains water and sugars. Both the phloem and xylem are tubular structures that
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Notes: Anatomy & Physiology 1. Cells A cell is the basic‚ living‚ structural‚ and functional unit of the body. Cytology: the study of cells A generalized view of the cell 3 main parts of the cell: Plasma membrane‚ cytoplasm and nucleus. * Plasma (cell) membrane: * Outer‚ limiting membrane separating the cell `s internal components from the extracellular materials and external environment. * Cytoplasm (formed or molded): * Consist of all the cellular contents between
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Cell Structure and Function Chapter Outline Cell theory Properties common to all cells Cell size and shape – why are cells so small? Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells Organelles and structure in all eukaryotic cell Organelles in plant cells but not animal Cell junctions History of Cell Theory mid 1600s – Anton van Leeuwenhoek Improved microscope‚ observed many living cells mid 1600s – Robert Hooke Observed many cells including cork cells 1850 – Rudolf Virchow
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Bacteria and Archaea | Telomeres: | Present (Linear DNA) | Circular DNA doesn’t need telemeres | Genetic Recombination: | Mitosis and fusion of gametes | Partial‚ undirectional transfers DNA | Lysosomes and peroxisomes: | Present | Absent | Microtubules: | Present | Absent or rare | Endoplasmic reticulum: | Present | Absent | Mitochondria: | Present | Absent | Cytoskeleton: | Present | May be absent | DNA wrapping on proteins.: | Yes | No | Ribosomes: | larger | smaller | Vesicles:
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Cell Structure - Cell Organelles 1. What is cell theory? Cell theory asserts that the cell is the constituent unit of living beings. Before the discovery of the cell‚ it was not recognized that living beings were made of building blocks like cells. The cell theory is one of the basic theories of Biology. 2. Are there living beings without cells? Viruses are considered the only living beings that do not have cells. Viruses are constituted by genetic material (DNA or RNA) enwrapped by a protein
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PROTEINS AND NUCLEIC ACIDS 28/11/13 Qn. Which two of the four macromolecules do you believe to be the most important for life? Give evidence to support your suggestion (include a full description of the macromolecules you describe both in terms of structure and function) Introduction All the four macromolecules=lipids‚ proteins‚ carbohydrates and nucleic acids= are essential for the functioning of an organism ’s body (Campbell‚ biology). They work hand in hand to help us survive. For example
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BIO- FINAL EXAM REVEW SHEET This is a comprehensive review of material from exams 1-3. Please study your class notes/powerpoint slides and read the chapters listed in your syllabus to study for all new material. What are the characteristics of living organisms? Acquire and use energy Made up of other cells Process information Can replicate itself (can reproduce) Population evolves (they evolve) What are the characteristics of cells? Contain genetic information Can duplicate themselves
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