independent variable of alcohol to affect the dependant variable of the amount of DNA extracted. This was done to find out if primary or secondary alcohol would create more DNA precipitate than the other. For this the primary alcohols used were; methanol and ethanol‚ and the secondary alcohol was; isopropyl. Of this the secondary alcohol‚ isopropyl was discovered to be the most effect alcohol to make DNA precipitate‚ as it produced the most amount of DNA. This investigation of extracting DNA is significant
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thiourea‚ methanol‚ ethanol‚ propanol‚ ethylene glycol‚ diethylene glycol‚ and triethylene glycol‚ and the mean hemolysis times can be seen below in Figure 1. The mean hemolysis time for urea was 11.90 seconds (±2.65 sec‚ n = 11). Thiourea took an average of 92.72 seconds (±12.41 sec‚ n = 11) to hemolyze 75% of erythrocytes‚ while methanol took 9.19 seconds (± 1.66 sec‚ n = 11). The black line was seen through
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Molar Heat of Combustion Aim: To find the molar heat of combustion for four different alkanols: 1. Methanol 2. Ethanol 3. 1-Propanol 4. 1-Butanol - And to compare the experimental value with the theoretical. Background: The Molar Heat of Combustion of a substance is the heat liberated when 1 mole of the substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure‚ with the final products being carbon dioxide gas and liquid water. (Ref. “Conquering Chemistry‚ Roland
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purify solids contaminated by relatively small amount of impurities by a technique called Recrystallization. Compounds that have different solubility at different temperature usually can be recrystallized. Formulas and Structures: Benzoic Acid Methanol Percent Recovery: Indicates how much of the active ingredient was able to recover after the purification method. Weight of benzoic acid obtained after recrystallization % Recovered =
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of three different alcohols. Methanol‚ Ethanol and Isopropilic acid. Procedure: 1. Fill the spirit micro burner with Ethanol and weight it 2. Pour 100 cm3 of water into the aluminum cup 3. Arrange the cup a short distance over the micro burner 4. Measure the temperature of water 5. When the temperature of the water has risen by 10°C‚ record the temperature. 6. Reweight the microburner. Record 7. Repeat steps 1 to 6 but now with Methanol 8. Repeat step 1 to 6
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In this investigation I will be burning alcohol ’s to heat up a can of water. I will be burning four alcohol ’s‚ methanol‚ ethanol‚ propanol and butanol. The aim is to find out how much energy is produced when burning these alcohols. Alcohol ’s react with oxygen in the air to form water and carbon dioxide. The reaction that is involved in burning alcohols is exothermic because heat is given out. From this reason the reactant energy is higher than that of the product. The energy is given out when
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In this experiment Methyl salicylates are prepared along with ethyl and 2-propyl salicylates in which the reaction proceeds with salicylic acid as the starting material along with the other reactants such as methanol‚ ethanol and 2-propanol. More specifically‚ sulfuric acid is employed as the suitable acid catalyst. FIGURE 2: Formation of methyl salicylate from salicylic acid. 2. CALCULATION:
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membranes. Extreme heat will be more damaging than extreme cold. The more concentrated the solvent‚ the more damage it will cause to the membranes‚ therefore the solvent of 50% Acetone‚ and the solvent of 50% Methanol will have higher readings of damage than the solvents of 25% Acetone‚ and 25% Methanol. Materials: (See attached lab) Procedure: (See attached lab) Observations: Temperature Lab | |Quantitative results |Qualitative results
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10. Add 3mL methanol and boiling stone. 11. Heat to boil and add dropwise methanol till it dissolves solid. 12. Cool in ice and filter‚ was with 30:7 ratio mix of methanol and water. 13. Determine percent recovery. Chemicals Used 1. Phthalic Acid 2. Benzoic Acid 3. Naphthalene Results | Melting Point (oC) | Weight (g) | % Recovery | Phthalic Acid | 175.5 | .35 | 67.5 | Benzoic Acid with H2O | 117.5 | .045 | 95 | Benzoic Acid with Methanol | 118 | .12 | 24
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1. Sodium and potassium are the most frequently ecountered alkali metals‚ though rarely as the metal. Why these elements are rarely found as the metal? (Refer to the relative measurements tabulated in the form of electronegativities‚ ionization energies‚ or reduction potentials). These are due to the fact that their outer most orbital (ns1 valence electron configuration) has tendency to lose electron very easily and make stable configuration. The single valence electron is relatively far from the
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