are needed to visualize the end-points. The first indicator is phenolphthalein which will turn from the pink ionic form while in a base‚ to a colorless form indicating the first end-point in this experiment. At this point exactly one mole of HCl has been added per mole of carbonate. This reaction of phenolphthalein occurs from pH 10 to 8.3 which is within 1 pH of the equivalence point for the carbonate to bicarbonate reaction. The second reaction has an equivalence point at ~ pH 3.7. This is where
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substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound‚ typically a ratio of whole integers. You need to use numerous conversions‚ atomic weights‚ and mole calculations in order to get the grams of each reactant. Atomic weights are the weight of each element on the periodic table; for example‚ Oxygen is 16.00 grams and Carbon is 12.01 grams. Moles are a standard scientific unit for measuring large quantities of very small entities such as atoms‚ molecules‚ or other specified particles. In all Stoichiometry
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ions in solution. The point at which this mole equivalency occurs is known as the equivalence point. An indicator in the solution will change color to signal that the equivalence has been reached (actually‚ the indicator responds to the slightest excess of OH ions). The color change in a titration is called the endpoint. At the equivalence point of the titration‚ the moles of OH (base) are equivalent to the moles of H+ (acid) in the sample. The moles of OH added to the solution from a buret are
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EXPERIMENT A PREPARATION OF ASPIRIN Abstract This report gives a detailed account of the experimental preparation of aspirin in a laboratory environment as well as some basic industrial background on the product. It also contains information about safety precautions put in place to ensure the safety of the team who carried out the experiment. All results obtained have been included as well as a detailed analysis of what they represent alongside any improvements to the method used. Introduction
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Illinois Central College CHEMISTRY 130 Laboratory Section: ________ Page 1 Name ______________________ Evaluation of the Gas Law Constant Objectives In this experiment‚ we will determine the Ideal Gas Constant‚ R‚ which relates the number of moles of gas present to its volume‚ pressure and absolute temperature. Background To see how "R" was derived‚ we must look at the proportionalities defined by the other fundamental gas laws. For example‚ Charles’ Law showed us that the volume of a gas sample
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Analysis of a Commercial Bleach Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to determine the amount of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) in commercial bleach. This can be done by forming triiodide ions. To make the measurement more accurate‚ starch was added to help determine the endpoint of the solution. The significance of this lab is that industry can use these techniques to determine the amount of NaClO in the bleach of the rival industry and improve it. Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that‚ an accurate
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Preparation of Aspirin The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid) from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. CO2H OH salicylic acid 2g 0.014 mole O O O CH3 H2SO4 ethyl acetate CO2H O O acetyl salicylic acid acetic acid CH3 O + H3C + H3C OH acetic anhydride 5 mL 0.05 mole The limiting reagent is salicylic acid. The theoretical yield of acetyl salicylic acid is 2.52 g. Physical Data:* mp MW salicylic acid 157-9˚ 138 acetyl salicylic acid
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Sunny Ng Wing Lam G10L (20) Chemistry A Lab 10.2 Determining the Concentration of Ammonia in Window Cleaner Solution Design (D) Aim To determine the concentration of ammonia‚ NH3‚ in the commercial window cleaner solution Background Window cleaner contains ammonia‚ NH3‚ a weak base‚ which helps remove dirt from glassware. The concentration of ammonia in the window cleaner solution varies by brands. Titrating the window cleaner solution with an acid of known concentration allows us
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Synopsis: The main aim of the experiment is to find out the amount of calcium carbonate in toothpaste through back titration since calcium carbonate does not dissolve in water. A roughly weighed amount of calcium carbonate is mixed with hydrochloric acid and then titrated against sodium hydroxide. When the indicator turns from pink to orange‚ the volume of sodium hydroxide used is taken down. After doing some calculations‚ the average percentage of calcium carbonate in toothpaste is 19.2%. This average
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the product this reaction produce dependent on the limiting reactant. For example‚ 1000kg O2 and 1 gram H2 to form water. In this case‚ the 1 gram of H2 will be the limiting reactant. Same thing in displacement reactant. If one of the reactants is (Mole) less than the other one‚ then that reactants becomes the limiting reactants. Once the limiting reactants will completely be ran out of‚ the reaction is done. So the limiting reactant is the key to start and finish the chemical reaction. B. Procedures
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