methylene blue. The average diameter of potassium permanganate (11.64 mm) was bigger than potassium dichromate (9.18 mm) and methylene blue (7.91 mm). Note that the molecular weight of potassium permanganate is 158g/mole‚ potassium dichromate is 294 g/mole and methylene blue is 374 g/mole. Thus‚ the lighter the molecular weight‚ the faster the rate of diffusion. INTRODUCTION Diffusion is the process in which the molecules merge as an outcome of their spontaneous movement or randomized motion of kinetic
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TOPIC 2 Metals The History of Metals * Uses of metals through history: * Copper Age (3200-2300 BCE) – copper and tin were most common metals‚ and were used for ornaments‚ weapons and tools. * Bronze Age (2300-700 BCE) – copper‚ tin and bronze were used for tools‚ weapons and transport. They produced bronze by heating copper and tin with charcoal. * Iron Age (1000 BCE – 1 CE) – iron steel and lead was used for tools‚ weapons and pipes. Iron is much harder than bronze.
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hydrate CaSO4·XH2O (trial 1): (mass of hydrated salt – mass of anhydrous salt) (1.99 – 1.595) = 0.395 g Mass percent of water in unknown hydrate CaSO4·XH2O (trial 1): (mass of water / mass of hydrated salt) x 100 (0.395 / 1.99) x 100 = 19.85 % Initial mole calculation for CaSO4 (trial 1): (mass anhydrous salt / molecular weight of salt)
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HCl and acetic acid. And refer to the neutralization reaction of these two acid‚ H+ (aq) + OH-(aq) → H2O(l) for HCl‚ and CH3COOH(aq) + OH-(aq) → CH3COO-(aq) + H2O(l) . as we can see ‚ in both case‚ two reaction have 1:1 stoichiometry‚ the moles of NaOH added = moles of acid present in the 10.00 mL sample ‚ this will allow to calculate the concentration of acid in the original sample. Procedure “Part A” experiment: 1. Prepare 100 ml of 0.020M acetic acid solution using the provided 2.00M acetic acid
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The Spectrophotometric Analysis of Copper in a Copper Oxide Ore Abstract In this experiment‚ the mass percent of copper in an unknown copper oxide ore was determined by using a spectrophotometer and Beer’s Law. The mass percent of copper was found to be 5.12 0.14%. Introduction In spectrophotometric analysis‚ the concentration of a solute is measured in a solution by measuring the amount of light that is absorbed by the solution in a cuvette placed in a spectrophotometer. A spectrophotometer
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Aim: To know the procedure of measuring the accurate mass of a solid To calculate the number of moles of an unknown mass from its mass and molecular mass To know how to dilute a solution and the effect of dilution on the solution’s absorbance Materials: Copper Sulfate Coloured solution – Potassium Manganate (KMnO4) Hotplate Method: Part A: The Formula of Hydrated Copper (II) Sulfate Firstly‚ about 1.0 g of hydrated copper (II) sulfate was put in the weighing bottle and the colour
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Measuring the Enthalpy change of combustion Abstract This simple experiment is carried out to show the difference in the enthalpy change of combustion between two fuels‚ hexane and methanol. These fuels are individually weighed before and after used as heat source to heat water in a calorimeter. The result is used to find out amount of heat transferred by the fuel‚ amount of fuel used and the enthalpy change of combustion. Introduction Enthalpy change of combustion is the enthalpy change when
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1 UNIT 9 CHEMICAL KINETICS 1. (c) mole 1–1 sec–1 The rate law for a reaction A + B →products‚ is rate = k [A]1[B]2. 7. Then‚ which one of the following statements is false ? (a) If [B] is held constant while [A] is doubled‚ the reaction will proceed twice as fast. (b) If [A] is held constant while [B] is reduced to one quarter‚ the rate will be halved (c) If [A] and [B] are both doubled‚ the reaction will proceed 8 times as fast. 2. Fro a first order reaction‚ a straight
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Introduction The mole is a convenient unit for analyzing chemical reactions. Avogadro’s number is equal to the mole. The mass of a mole of any compound or element is the mass in grams that corresponds to the molecular formula‚ also known as the atomic mass. In this experiment‚ you will observe the reaction of iron nails with a solution of copper (II) chloride and determine the number of moles involved in the reaction. You will determine the number of moles of copper produced in the reaction of
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vitamins. With food‚ titration can be used to determine whether cheese or wine is adequately aged for delivery.2 The objectives of this experiment are to successfully perform an accurate acid-base titration‚ determine moles using molarity and volume‚ and use the total mass and moles of hydronium to determine the equivalent mass. Students will
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