Bridging the gap Technology is an essential part of our world today. In developed countries‚ the use of technology is engraved in people from childhood. Unfortunately this is not the case in most developing countries. Egypt stands out as a clear example of a country‚ with technological disadvantages causing a gap between the well educated‚ privileged sector of society and the remaining majority‚ which is illiterate and poor. This gap is scientifically known as a” Digital divide.” Meaning that
Premium
Culture: The Missing Concept in Organization Studies Edgar H. Schein Massachusetts Institute of Technology Inattention to social systems in organizations has led researchers to underestimate the importance of culture—shared norms‚ values‚ and assumptions—in how organizations function. Concepts for understanding culture in organizations have value only when they derive from observation of real behavior in organizations‚ when they make sense of organizational data‚ and when they are
Premium Organizational studies Sociology
needs to be asked is ‘Do the ends justify the means?’ So‚ do the results from an experiment have so many positive applications within society that we can forget researchers didn’t stick to the BPS guidelines*? Well‚ consider the following example; Sherif (1935)** tested if people use the behaviour of others to decide what to do when uncertain. In a dark room participants focused on a single spotlight and were asked how far the light moved. They completed the same task again however‚ in groups of three
Free Psychology Ethics
1895) and Hugo Münsterberg (1898) were influential in the early development of the field.[2] Organizational psychology gained prominence after World War II‚ influenced by the Hawthorne studies and the work of researchers such as Kurt Lewin and Muzafer Sherif. Research methods See also: psychometrics and statistics As described above‚ I–O psychologists are trained in the scientist–practitioner model. I–O psychologists rely on a variety of methods to conduct organizational research. Study designs
Premium Psychometrics Psychology Human resource management
References: Jenkins‚ R.‚ (2006). Social Identity. New York: Routledge Sherif‚ M.‚ White‚ B. J.‚ & Harvey‚ O.J. (1955). Status in experimentally produced groups. American Journal of Sociology. 60‚ S. 370 – 379. Tajfel‚ H. (1970). Experiments in intergroup discrimination. Scientific American‚ 223‚ 96-102. Turner‚ J. C. and Tajfel
Premium Social psychology Sociological terms Sociology
Conformity and obedience are two types of social behaviours. These behaviours and influences are evident in human interactions and present within group formations. Conformity involves adopting attitudes of a particular group of people or changing behaviour or personal opinions in order to ‘fit in’‚ also known as a group or social norm. Social norms can involve socially accepted rules‚ laws and standards. The act or behaviour may cause the individual to agree or disagree with their personal beliefs
Premium Sociology Stanford prison experiment Conformity
autokinetic effect‚ which was an optical illusion‚ is one of the classic conformity experiments. He placed people in a completely dark room and let them observe a pinprick of light for some time; this gave them the illusion that the light moved erratically. Sherif asked individuals to estimate how far the light moved on several trials. Their estimates were typical to that individual. He then asked people the same question in-groups of two or three. Their estimates were of a normative value‚ (typical to that
Premium
Gordon W. Allport theorized in his selection titled “The Formation of In-Groups” that people inherently gravitate toward other people based on a variety of factors. Those factors lead to the formation of in-groups and out-groups. Allport goes on to postulate that one’s behavior is dictated and predicated by the in-groups that one is a member of. In addition to in-groups and the role that they play today‚ Allport discusses differing membership statuses‚ the fluidity of in-groups‚ reference groups
Premium Psychology Sociology Sociological terms
discussion Link to book Growing up‚ influences on young people‚ conformity‚ social identities‚ stereotypes. Skateboarders Social interactions on identity Kondo Conformity and out of character actions Asch Group norm‚ conflict and working together Sherif Short conclusive paragraph with general summery on the topic of the assessment. Part B – Essay From early age‚ groups are thought to have influence on our behaviour. Groups can provide individuals with a sense of belonging and promote self-esteem
Premium Conformity Asch conformity experiments Social psychology
Charles A. and Jennifer A. Chatman. 1996. "Culture as social control: corporations‚ culture and commitment." Research in Organizational Behavior 18: 157-200. Schein‚ Edgar H. 1991. “The role of the founder in the creation of organizational culture.” Pp. Sherif‚ M. 1935. “A study of some social factors in perception.” Archives of Psychology‚ No 187. Sørensen‚ Jesper B. 2002. “The strength of corporate culture and the reliability of firm performance.” Administrative Science Quarterly 47: 70-91. Zucker‚ Lynne
Premium Organizational culture