writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Exercise 1: Muscle Twitch Study the data for the three muscles in Tables 1A‚ 1B‚ and 1C. 1. Make a scatter plot graph in Microsoft Excel® using Data Tables 1A‚ 1B‚ and 1C that show the twitch tension timelines of the eye‚ rectus femoris‚ and plantaris muscle fibers. For each muscle‚ connect the dots together in sequence. Refer to the section in the Introduction of this lab manual titled:
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The Effect of pH on the Rate of Enzyme Catalysis of Catalase Objectives: The objective of this lab was to develop a protocol to investigate the effect of an environmental variable on the catalytic function of an enzyme. More specifically‚ the objective was to perform an experiment in order to test the effect of pH on the function of the enzyme catalase. Introduction: Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts for reactions. This simply means that enzymes lower the activation energy required
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Muscle fatigue is weakness or weariness resulting from exertion or prolonged stress and the failure to maintain an expected power output. (Amussen) The process by which your body produces energy is called glycolysis. During glycolysis‚ glycogen is broken to produce creatine phosphate‚ which releases energy. The energy released catalyzes a reaction to produce ATP. The ending product of glycolysis is lactic acid‚ which is created by breaking pyruvate acid down. Then lactic acid is broken down to produce
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MUST TAKE place within the skeletal muscle fibres in order for muscle contraction to occur. The cross bridge cycle‚ process by which the muscle length is shortened as myosin heads‚ extending from the myosin filaments‚ interact cyclically in a rowing motion with the actin filament (Rayment et al. 1993)‚ is one of the crucial mechanical events required. The mechanism is initiated when an ATP molecule is bound to a myosin head. An enzyme within the head. known as ATPase‚ hydrolyzes the ATP molecule into
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properties of cardiac muscle on a cane toad’s (Bufo marinus) heart and the adaptive ability of the heart to produce a response when subject to different conditions of temperature‚ stretch on contractile force‚ substances of acetylcholine‚ adrenaline and atropine‚ and increased frequency of stimulus. Regarding Figure 1‚ the regular heartbeat and contraction force of the toad was identified to demonstrate the difference between atrial contractions and ventricular contractions in a normal environment
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MUSCLE FATIGUE HOW DO MUSCLES GET THE ENERGY TO WORK? In muscles‚ it is essential that Calcium is present‚ as this gives the muscles the ability to contract and relax. For muscles to contract energy is needed: the energy can only be provided by the breakdown of a chemical called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). As ATP is broken down‚ a phosphate molecule is broken off‚ reducing the phosphate molecules‚ from 3 to 2. This produces adenosine triphosphate. However for the muscles contraction to continue
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology NAME: LAB TIME/DATE:9pm.. 4.8.11 Electrical Stimulation 1. Name each phase of a typical muscle twitch‚ and‚ on the following line‚ describe what is happening in each phase. a. Latent-stage from rest to muscle tension begins b. Contraction-At this stage the muscle reaches its peak in contraction c. Relaxation- muscle is shortened‚ returns to zero and back initial length. 2. In Activity 2‚ how long was the latent period? ___2
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How to Reduce Lactic Acid Build up in Muscles Understanding Lactic AcidReducing Lactic Acid During a WorkoutReducing Lactic Acid Through Your Diet Edited by LC108‚ BR‚ Jacob‚ Vahab2121 and 5 others Lactic acid is released into the muscles when they have used up their normal energy stores but still have intense energy needs. Small amounts of lactic acid operate as a temporary energy source‚ thus helping you avoid fatigue during a workout. However‚ a build up of lactic acid during a workout can
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that "muscles only know tension." This view is overly simplistic. In reality‚ a number of factors must be taken into account. What degree of tension? What duration of tension? What frequency of tension? What kind of tension? Certainly passive tension isn’t as effective as active tension in packing on lean mass. Many believe that the continuous quest for increased maximal strength is the key to developing massive muscles. But while increased strength is definitely related to increased muscle cross
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MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY Exercise 11 Acuesta‚ Patrisha Afalla‚ Antonette Hanns Beo‚ Jellie Ayz Bustamante‚ Jemimah Keziah Soriano‚ Jhon Cris Introduction • Muscle Contraction - the shortening of the muscle as a result of tension generated by muscle fibers; -Regulated by the production of calcium ions‚ stimulated via thermal‚ chemical‚ mechanical‚ and electrical stimuli Objectives BE ABLE TO: 1. Make a muscle-femur preparation; Set up Kymograph; Demonstrate muscular contraction; Differentiate
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