volumetrically by using a characteristic reaction of carbonate compounds‚ namely their reaction with acids. Calcium carbonate (limestone) is very insoluble in pure water but readily reacts in acid according to the reaction below. 2HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) + HCl(aq) (in excess) (limiting reagent) (1) (unreacted) This reaction cannot be used directly to titrate the CaCO3 because it is very slow when the reaction is close to the endpoint. Instead the determination is
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Printed Ckt Board Types of PCB (I) Single Side (II) Double Side (III) Multi Layer (V) Flexible PCB * Single Side ( 1 layer ) :- The insulating substrate contains ckt pattern on only one side. Which is called as solder side. The other side is called component side. * Double Side (2 layer) :- Double side means the ckt pattern is present on the either side of the insulating material ckt pattern both on component side & solder side. * Flexible Cards :- Flexible
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Chemistry 1: PROBLEM SET SY 2012/2013 CLASS #: _______________ NAME_________________________________________ SECTION: ______________________ Stoichiometry II - Mole Calculations/ Limiting and Excess Reagent – Lecture Notes 1. Given the balanced equation N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) How many moles of ammonia are produced when 0.60 mol of nitrogen reacts with hydrogen? 2. Given the equation: SiO2 + HF SiF4 + H2O a. Calculate the number of moles HF that would completely react with 2.5 moles of
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find the composition of a sample of sodium carbonate mixture by titration. Introduction The reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid occurs in 2 stages‚ with the formation of hydrogen carbonate ion as the intermediate product. Na2CO3(aq) + HCl [pic] NaHCO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) NaHCO3(aq) + HCl(aq) [pic] NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) [pic] Requirements Hydrochloric acid (0.5M)‚ watch glass‚ spatula‚ 250 cm3 beaker‚ wash bottle of distilled water‚ glass rod‚
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Sodium hydroxide is unsuitable as a primary standard because of this property. You must use method two for preparing a standard solution‚ using oxalic acid dehydrate. The expected chemical reactions are listed below. Chemical Reactions: a.) HCl and Na2CO3 = 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O b.) KHP and NaOH = KNaP + H2O Experimental Procedure: 1. Get an Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) and add 100 mL of distilled water to it. 2. Weigh .15 of NaCO2 and add it to the distilled H2O. 3. Now add .5-1 mL of bromocresol to the
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Chapter 6 Chemical Reactions and Quantities The Mole General‚ Organic‚ and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education‚ Inc. 1 Collection Terms A collection term states a specific number of items. 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts 1 ream of paper = 500 sheets 1 case = 24 cans General‚ Organic‚ and Biological Chemistry 2 A Mole of Atoms A mole is a collection that contains the same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12.0 g of carbon 12C 6.02 x 1023 atoms of
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substances necessary for cells to function. It’s intended for intravenous administration‚ but if a suitable vein cannot be found it can be given orally which has an unpleasant taste. It is made up of NaCl (sodium chloride)‚ NaC3H5O3 (sodium lactate)‚ CaCl2 (Calcuim Chloride)‚ and KCl (potassium Chloride). Lactated Ringer’s has a pH of 6.5‚ but is an alkalizing solution. Therapy Lactated Ringer’s solution is used to induce urine output in patients with renal failure‚ and to supply water and electrolytes
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Freezing Point Depression Formula (electrolytes): ΔTf = i Kf m ΔTf i freezing point temperature van ‘t Hoff factor (sum of subscripts) Kf m Freezing Point Depression constant (1.860 C /m) Molality (mol/kg) Freezing Point Depression EXAMPLES CaCl2 NaCl Na 1 Cl + i =2 Ca 1 ΔTf Cl2 + 1 i =3 2 Kf i Na PO 3 4 freezing point temperature Na (PO ) van ‘t Hoff 3 factor (sum of4 subscripts) 3 + 1 Freezing Point Depression constant (1.860 C /m) m i =4 Molality (mol/kg) PRACTICE
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The Effect of Chemicals on Fire In this lab we got to see the effect of chemicals on fire. We got to. See the flames change to different colors. The size of the colorful flame depended on how the Bunsen burner was turned on. I was sick when we were supposed to have the lab read‚ but I got it read the next day before class. During the lab I made sure to have the correct attired on: my goggles and apron. Ow ill go ahead and tell you five good safety precaution tips. One‚ never leave a lit
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CSEC CHEMISTRY NOTES ON SOLUBILITY OF COMPOUNDS IN WATER and SATURATED SOLUTION Reference: Chemistry‚ a Concise Revision Course for CXC by Anne Tindale From Chemistry for CSEC by Tania Chung-Harris and Mike Taylor Factors that influence solubility Temperature * The solubility of solids in liquids generally increases as temperature increases. * The solubility of gases in liquids generally decreases as temperature increases. (gases are less soluble in warm water than in cold water)
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