Ashutosh Dash Firm Value & Cash Flow Unlevered Free Cash Flow • FCF = EBIT (1-t) + DEP - ∆NWC - CAPEX Or • FCF = EBIT (1-t) - ∆NFA - ∆NWC • EBIT (1-t) or NOPAT is debt free income • Where do we pick up the interest tax shield? • Estimating FCF requires – Developing a reorganized Balance Sheet A Complex Reorganized Balance Sheet Assets Excess Cash NWC Liabilities 000 Debt 104117 Others 000 000 NFA (PPE) 32618 Hybrids Others 77332 Equity 214067 214067 Capital 214067 Net Assets 000 Reorganized
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is: a) Earnings before Interest/Sales * Sales/Assets * Assets/Equity * Earnings before interest/Net Income b) Net income*asset turnover*tax rate c) Return on Assets (ROA)*financial leverage d) Both a) and c) 2. Which of the following is true a) Return on Assets is influenced by financing activities b) ROE is not affected by financial structure c) Profit margin is a measure of asset efficiency d) None of the above 3. Assume
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budgeting process defines the set and size of a firm’s real assets‚ which in turn generate the cash flows that ultimately determine its profitability‚ value and viability. In principle‚ a firm’s decision to invest in a new project should be made according to whether the project increases the wealth of the firm’s shareholders. For example‚ the Net Present Value (NPV) rule specifies an objective process by which firms can assess the value that new capital investments are expected to create. As Graham
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Introduce In this report will analyse budgets and make appropriates decisions and explainn the calculation of unit costs and make pricing decisions using relevant informations. And than this report will assess the viability of a project using investment appraisal techniques and discuss the main financial statements. Compare appropriate formats of financial statements for different types of business. Interpret financial statements using appropriate ratios and comparisons‚ both internal and external
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companies a. Have skilled people b. Have strong relationships c. Have enough funding to execute their plans and support their operations II. To be successful‚ a company must meet its first main goal a. Identifying‚ creating‚ and delivering highly values products and services to its customers. III. Corporate life cycle a. Starting up as a proprietorship i. Three important advantage 1. It is easily and inexpensively formed 2. Subject to few gov regulations 3. Its income is not subject to corporate
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Capitalisation without growth Earnings Capitalisation with growth Price-Earning Multiple Model 3. Free Cash Flow Models Discounted Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE) model Discounted Free Cash Flow to the Firm (FCFF) model 4. Book Valuation (Net Asset Value) Model Discounted Dividend Model The dividend discount model (DDM) is a method of valuing a company based on the theory that a stock is worth the
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Daneene Barton Caledonia Products is determining a new business proposal. The organization is planning a free cash flow investment and evaluating a project to determine the net present value of the business proposal. In the project financial analyst from Caledonia Products will consider the net value versus the internal rate of return. The research will determine if the organization will become profitable over the duration of five years. Research will also analyze if the investment
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Just in time (JIT): is a production strategy that strives to improve a business’ return on investment by reducing in-process inventory and associated carrying costs. To meet JIT objectives‚ the process relies on signals or Kanban between different points‚ which are involved in the process‚ which tell production when to make the next part. Kanban are usually ’tickets’ but can be simple visual signals‚ such as the presence or absence of a part on a shelf. Implemented correctly‚ JIT focuses on continuous
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impairment of a long-lived asset (group) to be held and used: * Indicators of impairment — consider whether indicators of impairment are present. * Test for recoverability — If indicators are present‚ perform a recoverability test by comparing the sum of the estimated undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the asset (group) in question to their carrying amounts (as a reminder‚ entities cannot record an impairment for a held and used asset unless the asset first fails this recoverability
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shareholder value: according to Alfred Rappaport author of creating share holder value; a guide to managers and investors‚ who is regarded as father of share holder value‚ the following seven factors called “value drivers” affect shareholder value 1. Rate of sales growth 2. Operating profit margin 3. Income tax rate 4. Investment in working capital 5. Fixed capital investment 6. Cost of capital 7. Value growth duration While first six “value drivers” are self explanatory‚ last one value growth duration
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