played an important role in the development of multinational. This essay will focus on the evolution of the value chain. Body Since the 1980s‚ many scholars have put forward the theory of the value chain. Professor Michael Porter of the Harvard Business School in 1985‚ pointed in the "Competitive Advantage": Every enterprise is a collection of various activities in the design‚ production‚ sales‚ send‚ and auxiliary products process‚ all of these activities can be indicated as a value chain. The
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The transformation at the IRS gave useful insight to a real life overhaul of a system that was not meeting the needs of its consumers. The IRS has a very expansive group of customers‚ every person and group that does business‚ or has business transactions in the USA could be considered its customers. The size of the IRS’s customer base increases the need to avoid tenancies similar to what Mr. Kotter identifies in his article‚ “Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail.” Even though transitions
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"MARKETING MYOPIA" MYOPIA (adapted from Mintzberg‚ 1994:279-281) In 1960‚ Theodore Levitt‚ a marketing professor at the Harvard Business School‚ published a celebrated article entitled "Marketing Myopia." It is difficult to find a manager or planner who does not know the theme‚ even if he or she has never read the article.The basic point was that firms should define themselves in terms of broad industry orientation—"underlying generic need" in the words of Kotler and Singh (1981:39)—rather than
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References: Austin‚ Robert D. (1999). Ford Motor Company: Supply Chain Strategy. Harvard Business School. Magretta‚ Joan (1998). The power of Virtual Integration: An Interview with Dell Computer ’s Michael Dell. Harvard Business Review. Vol. 76 Issue 2 p 72-84
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Vodafone is the 22nd best company to work for in the GPTW rankings of 2012. Whereas‚ BSNL/MTNL doesn’t even appear in the list. Flexible & conducive work environment Vodafone makes employees feel included and responsible. It lives by its values of speed‚ simplicity and trust at every step. Employees work with a spirit of camaraderie and have great fun at the workplace. There is good recognition for individual efforts along with a caring and safe work environment. There is enormous pride
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running a family business. For example‚ in a family business‚ people can think something in the morning and begin working on it in the afternoon; after all‚ the family is a natural team. Trust is essential in all business and family businesses get a high level of trust among family members. In the early 1970s‚ Fung brothers who were both educated at Harvard Business School returned from the United States. Fung brothers’ returned heralded Li and Fung’s transition from a family- owned business to a professionally
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London: Thomson Learning. John P. Kotter‚ J. L. H.‚ 1992. Corporate Culture and Performance. New York: The Free Press. Kotter‚ J. P.‚ 1999. What Leaders Really Do. Harvard: John P. Kotter. Kotter‚ J. P.‚ 2006. Our Iceberg Is Melting. London: Pan Macmillan Ltd. Kotter‚ J. P.‚ 2008. A sense of urgency. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing. Kotter‚ J. P.‚ 2012. Leading Change. United States: John P. Kotter. McCalman‚ R. A. P. &. J.‚ 2010. Change Management‚ A guide to effective implementation
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MBA Program Course: TMGT/540 Management of R&D and Innovation Processe University of Phoenix Graduate Business and Management =>? McGraw-Hill/Irwin McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−50558−7 Text: Richard Ivey School of Business — The University of Western Ontario Harvard Business School POM Cases Harvard Business School General Management Cases This book was printed on recycled paper. MBA Program http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright ©2003 by The McGraw−Hill
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exercise has its limits. by Robert C. Merton 2 Harvard Business Review april 2013 This article is made available to you with compliments of FM Global Insurance. Further posting‚ copying‚ or distributing is copyright infringement. To order more copies go to www.hbr.org or call 800-988-0886. iOnDecisiOns Risk ARteR For ArTicle reprinTs cAll 800-988-0886 or 617-783-7500‚ or visiT hBr.org IllustRatIon/PHotogRaPHy: name april 2013 Harvard Business Review 3 This article is made available to
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1. What kind of reinforces does Salatino use to motivate his sales people? Salatino uses every ones favorite reinforcements‚ money! Money is considered a secondary motivator because its not considered a basic human need. Saltaino uses commissions ranging between 5% and 12% as an incentive motivate his employees to make sales. This secondary motivator is a positive motivator because money is why people have jobs and careers. 2. What kind of reinforcement schedule is used by Great
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